重庆市饮水中亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐空间分布特征及水质风险  

Spatial distribution characteristics and water quality risk of chlorite and chlorate in drinking water in Chongqing,China

作　　者：柳沁伶 张琦 蒋祎[1] LIU Qin-ling;ZHANG Qi;JIANG Yi(School of Public Health,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Public Health and Safety Surveillance Institute,Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院,重庆400016 [2]重庆市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生与安全监测所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第4期350-355,366,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2021MSXM189)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019—2021年重庆市使用二氧化氯消毒的饮用水中亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐的空间分布特征及水质风险,探讨影响亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐分布的因素。方法采用二氧化氯消毒副产物水质风险指数法和空间相关性分析对重庆市12135份生活饮用水中亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐空间分布特征与水质风险进行评价。结果亚氯酸盐检出率为75.48%(9159/12135),超标率为5.70%,中位数为0.14 mg/L,检出范围为ND~13.9 mg/L;氯酸盐检出率为75.07%(9110/12135),超标率为6.39%,中位数为0.15 mg/L,检出范围为ND~14.71 mg/L;亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐水质风险较高的区域主要集中在重庆北部和西部,与2019年相比,2021年水质状况有所改善,但东北和东南部的个别区县出现恶化。亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐水质风险指数存在区域聚集性,高-高聚集区主要分布在重庆西部地区。结论2019—2021年重庆市生活饮用水中亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐污染状况总体较好,但北部和西部部分地区水质风险指数较高。Objective To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and water quality risks of chlorite and chlorate in drinking water disinfected by chlorine dioxide in Chongqing,China,from 2019 to 2021,and to investigate the influencing factors for the distribution of chlorite and chlorate.Methods The method of water quality risk index and spatial correlation analysis were performed for chlorine dioxide disinfection by-products to evaluate the spatial distribution characteristics and water quality risk of chlorite and chlorate in 12135 drinking water samples in Chongqing.Results Chlorite had a detection rate of 75.48%(9159/12135),an excess rate of 5.70%,a median of 0.14 mg/L,and a detection range of ND-13.9 mg/L,and chlorate had a detection rate of 75.07%(9110/12135),an excess rate of 6.39%,a median of 0.15 mg/L,and a detection range of ND-14.71 mg/L.High water quality risks of chlorite and chlorate were mainly observed in northern and western Chongqing,where water quality in 2021 was improved compare with that in 2019,while deterioration was observed in several districts and counties in the northeast and southeast of Chongqing.There was regional aggregation in the water quality risk index of chlorite and chlorate,and high-high accumulation areas were mainly distributed in western Chongqing.Conclusion From 2019 to 2021,there is a generally good condition of chlorite and chlorate pollution in drinking water in Chongqing,but with a relatively high water quality risk index in some areas of northern and western Chongqing.

关 键 词：氯酸盐 亚氯酸盐 消毒副产物 空间自相关 水质评价 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]