2022年南京市大气PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险  

Pollution characteristics and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM_(2.5) of Nanjing,China,2022

作　　者：韦丽[1] 孙凤霞 张艺 许珊珊 唐彦钊 贾云飞[1] 熊丽林[1] WEI Li;SUN Feng-xia;ZHANG Yi;XU Shan-shan;TANG Yang-zhao;JIA Yun-fei;XIONG Li-lin(Environmental Health Division,Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,南京210003

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第4期356-361,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：南京市卫生科技发展项目(ZKX20046)。

摘　　要：目的了解南京市大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)污染特征,评估其健康风险。方法于2022年每月10—16日分别在江北新区和江宁区2个监测点开展PM_(2.5)和PAHs采样,分别采用称重法和高效液相色谱法测定PM_(2.5)和PAHs含量,利用健康风险评价模型评价PAHs的致癌风险。结果不同季节PM_(2.5)、PAHs和B[a]P的浓度存在差异(P<0.01),其中PM_(2.5)、PAHs浓度均是冬、春季高于夏、秋季,B[a]P浓度春季高于夏、秋季。两个监测点PAHs、B[a]P年均浓度、春季、夏季浓度的比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且江北新区均高于江宁区。两个监测点含量最高的多环芳烃是5环、其次是4环和6环。两个监测点3环、4环、5环、6环PAHs年均浓度均不同(P均<0.05),江北新区高于江宁区。PAHs年浓度中位数值对两个监测点人群的终生超额致癌风险均大于1.0×10^(-6)。PAHs年浓度95分位数对人群的年龄段超额致癌风险除江宁区0~2岁年龄段人群外,对其他年龄段人群的超额致癌风险均大于1×10^(-6)。结论南京市两个监测点大气PM_(2.5)中PAHs分布存在季节和地区差异,具有潜在的超额致癌风险。Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))of Nanjing,China.Methods PM_(2.5) and PAHs samples were collected at two monitoring sites in Jiangbei new district and Jiangning district from the 10th to 16th days of each month in 2022.The weighing method and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to measure the concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PAHs,and a health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of PAHs.Results There were significant differences in the concentrations of PM_(2.5),PAHs,and B[a]P across different seasons(P<0.01);the concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PAHs in winter and spring were higher than those in summer and autumn,and the concentration of B[a]P in spring was higher than that in summer and autumn.There were significant differences between the two monitoring sites in the mean annual concentrations of PAHs and B[a]P and their concentrations in spring and summer(P<0.05),and Jiangbei new district showed higher concentrations than Jiangning District.In both monitoring sites,5-ring PAHs showed the highest concentration,followed by 4-ring PAHs and 6-ring PAHs.There were significant differences in the mean annual concentrations of 3-,4-,5-,and 6-ring PAHs between the two monitoring sites(P<0.05),and Jiangbei new district showed higher concentrations than Jiangning District.The median annual concentration of PAHs had an excess cancer risk(ECR)of>1.0×10^(-6)for the populations in the two monitoring sites.The 95th percentile of the annual concentration of PAHs showed an ECR of>1×10^(-6)for all age groups except the population aged 0-2 years.Conclusion The distribution of PAHs in PM_(2.5) of Nanjing shows marked seasonal and regional variations,with a potential excess carcinogenic risk.

关 键 词：细颗粒物(PM_(2.5)) 多环芳烃(PAHs) 污染特征 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]