滁州地区医院感染细菌监测与药敏试验结果分析  

Analysis of Bacterial Monitoring and Drug Sensitivity Test Results for Hospital Infections in Chuzhou

作　　者：迟静 孙淼[1] CHI Jing;SUN Miao(Chuzhou City Vocational College,Chuzhou,Anhui Province 239000,China)

机构地区：[1]滁州城市职业学院,安徽滁州239000

出　　处：《吉林医药学院学报》2024年第3期204-207,共4页Journal of Jilin Medical University

基　　金：2021年国家职业教育提质培优行动计划项(2021tcxtd01);2021年滁州城市职业学院科学研究项目(2021zk04);2020年高等学校省级质量工程项目(2020jyxm1311)。

摘　　要：目的 分析滁州地区医院感染病原菌分布与耐药特点。方法 通过滁州市第一人民医院、滁州市儿童医院医院感染实时监控系统智能识别并实时上报2022年住院患者医院感染病例1152例次,进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果 1152例次医院感染主要感染类型为下呼吸道感染(44.10%)、泌尿系统感染(18.75%)、血流感染(13.72%);共分离出病原菌1116株,其中革兰阴性菌占52.15%,检出率较高的是鲍曼不动杆菌(6.63%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(6.81%)、大肠埃希菌(7.71%)和铜绿假单胞菌(6.27%);革兰阳性菌占22.22%,检出率较高的是金黄色葡萄球菌(2.51%);真菌占25.63%,主要为假丝酵母(15.59%)。特殊耐药菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)大肠埃希菌检出率51.16%、ESBL肺炎克雷伯菌检出率21.05%,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率28.57%。鲍曼不动杆菌对各种抗菌药物耐药率均超过50%;肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高(100%),对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑林、头孢呋辛耐药率均超过60%,对亚胺培南(34.21%)、妥布霉素(31.58%)、左氧氟沙星(10.53%)耐药率降低。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高(90.70%),对呋喃妥因(4.65%)、亚胺培南(2.33%)、头孢替坦(2.33%)耐药率较低。铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星(2.86%)、庆大霉素(2.86%)、妥布霉素(2.86%)和左氧氟沙星(2.86%)耐药率最低。结论滁州地区医院感染细菌构成比主要以鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌等为主,细菌耐药率较高。ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of hospital infection pathogens in Chuzhou.Method By using the real-time infection monitoring system of Chuzhou First People's Hospital and Chuzhou Children's Hospital,1152 hospitalized cases of hospital infection in 2022 were intelligently identified and reported in real-time,and bacterial identification and drug sensitivity tests were conducted.Result The main types of hospital infections in 1152 cases were lower respiratory tract infections(44.10%),urinary system infections(18.75%),and bloodstream infections(13.72%);A total of 1116 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 52.15%.The highest detection rates were Acinetobacter baumanii(6.63%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(6.81%),Escherichia coli(7.71%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(6.27%);Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 22.22%,with Staphylococcus aureus(2.51%)having a higher detection rate;Fungi accounted for 25.63%,mainly Candida(15.59%).Extrabroadspectrum production of special drug-resistant bacteria β-The detection rate of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus was 51.16%,21.05%,and 28.57%,respectively.The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumanii to various antibacterial drugs exceeds 50%;Klebsiella pneumoniae has the highest resistance rate to ampicillin(100%),with resistance rates exceeding 60% to ampicillin/sulbactam,cefazolin,and cefuroxime.The resistance rates to imipenem(34.21%),tobramycin(31.58%),and levofloxacin(10.53%)decrease.Escherichia coli has the highest resistance rate to ampicillin(90.70%),while it has a lower resistance rate to furantoin(4.65%),imipenem(2.33%),and cefotetan(2.33%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa has the lowest resistance rates to ciprofloxacin(2.86%),gentamicin(2.86%),tobramycin(2.86%),and levofloxacin(2.86%).Conclusion The bacterial composition of hospital infections in Chuzhou is mainly composed of Acinetobacter baumanii,Escherichia coli,etc.,with a high bacterial resistan

关 键 词：医院感染 耐药性 耐药菌 药敏试验 病原菌分布 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学]