球形粉体制备技术研究进展  

Research progress on preparation technology of spherical powder

作　　者：彭琳 谭琦[2,3] 刘磊 钱晨光[1] 李春全 孙志明 袁方[1] PENG Lin;TAN Qi;LIU Lei;QIAN Chenguang;LI Chunquan;SUN Zhiming;YUAN Fang(School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Zhengzhou 450006,China;National Engineering Research Center for Multipurpose Utilization of Nonmetallic Mineral Resources,Zhengzhou 450006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所,河南郑州450006 [3]国家非金属矿产资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450006

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2024年第3期12-27,共16页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52304310;中国地质调查局地质调查项目,编号:DD20221698。

摘　　要：【目的】球形粉体由于具有更好的流动性和均匀性被广泛应用于增强材料、涂料、陶瓷、3D打印等领域。为了满足不同行业对粉体材料的表面特性和物理性能要求,提升产品性能,降低工艺损失,促进绿色制造,对球形粉体制备技术的研究现状进行总结和思考。【研究现状】综述球形粉体常见制备技术,包括传统物理法(机械整形法和喷雾干燥法)、化学法(气相化学反应法、沉淀法、水热合成法、溶胶凝胶法及微乳液法)和高温熔融法(等离子体球化法、雾化法和气体燃烧火焰成球法),总结上述方法的优势及目前的局限性,重点阐述不同球形粉体材料制备技术的基本原理与应用领域的研究进展。【展望】对球形粉体制备技术的发展趋势进行分析与展望,认为高温熔融法是最具实现大规模工业化生产潜力的球形粉体制备技术,提出高纯超细、窄分布、粒径可控、高球化率、高效率工业智能化绿色生产是我国未来球形粉体制备技术的发展趋势。Significance Powder serves as significant industrial raw materials,with increasingly high performance requirements driven by its diverse applications.In addition to requiring very low impurity content and fine particle size with strict particle size distribu⁃tion,powders also need to have a certain particle morphology.Spherical powder offers distinct advantages over conventional pow⁃ders,mainly evident in the following aspects:1)Surface Morphology and Defects:Spherical powder exhibits uniform surface mor⁃phology and fewer defects,reducing the loss of mold in the production process to the finished product;2)Particle Size Distribu⁃tion:Spherical powders have a narrower and more uniform particle size distribution compared to irregular powders,enhancing product consistency and performance;3)Improved Mobility:The spherical shape of the powder promotes better flowability,increasing powder filling capacity,particularly beneficial in powder metallurgy applications,enhancing part density;4)Uniform Shrinkage During Sintering:Spherical powder shrinks more uniformly during sintering,facilitating grain size regulation.Given its excellent performance in surface morphology,particle size distribution and flow properties,spherical powders find extensive use across various industries.This paper presents a summary of the current status of spherical powder preparation technology based on the research progress of common spherical powder preparation technology.The different preparation principles are cat⁃egorized into three types:traditional physical method,chemical method,and high temperature melting method.It analyses the development of existing technology and provides a reference for future development of new technologies and theoretical research on spherical powder preparation.Progress The traditional physical method for preparing spherical powder,despite the widespread availability and low cost of raw materials,has the potential for industrialization.However,this method requires high-quality production equipment,and the

关 键 词：球形粉体 球形化 高温熔融 等离子体 

分 类 号：TB44[一般工业技术]