填闲作物还田方式对烟田土壤轻重组有机碳的影响  

Effects of Returning Farmland Methods of Catch Crops on Light and Heavy Fraction Organic Carbon in Tobacco Field Soil

作　　者：宋艳丹 韩会阁 王孟孟 徐文正 李建华[2] 刘巧真[1] 阎海涛 王典[2] 吴照辉[1] SONG Yandan;HAN Huige;WANG Mengmeng;XU Wenzheng;LI Jianhua;LIU Qiaozhen;YAN Haitao;WANG Dian;WU Zhaohui(Tobacco Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,China;Xuchang City Company of Henan Tobacco Company,Xuchang 461000,China;Pingdingshan City Company of Henan Tobacco Company,Pingdingshan 467002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南许昌461000 [2]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,河南许昌461000 [3]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,河南平顶山467002

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第3期60-67,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科学技术厅科技攻关项目(222102110432);中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目(2022410000240017);河南省烟草公司许昌市公司科技项目(2020411000240071);河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司科技项目(PYKJ202106)。

摘　　要：为了提高多年连作烟田的土壤肥力,改善土壤生态环境,在烤烟冬闲期种植油菜、冬牧70、光叶紫花苕等3种作物,同时以冬季空闲不种植任何作物为对照,采取2种方式(掩青和收割)进行处理,通过测定不同处理不同土层的土壤轻、重组有机碳含量、比例及储量,探讨填闲作物收割和掩青处理对烟田土壤轻重组有机碳的影响。结果表明,不同填闲作物和不同还田方式下土壤总有机碳、重组有机碳、轻组有机碳含量均随着土壤深度的增加而降低。与对照相比,填闲作物掩青处理能够显著增加土壤总有机碳、重组有机碳、轻组有机碳含量,尤其是冬牧70在20~40 cm土层增加比较显著,分别增加了22.3%、21.98%、27.78%;填闲作物收割处理会降低土壤轻组有机碳比例和土壤轻组有机碳储量,而掩青处理则会增加土壤轻组有机碳比例和轻组有机碳储量,其中冬牧70掩青在0~20 cm土层增加比较明显,分别增加了18.14%、40.03%。填闲作物掩青处理增加了烟田土壤的含水量和持水量、降低了土壤容重以及增加土壤轻重组有机碳储量。综合来看,冬牧70掩青处理效果最好,能显著增加土壤总有机碳和轻重组有机碳含量,油菜次之。In order to enhance the soil fertility of continuous cropping tobacco fields for years and improve the soil ecological environment,in this study,three crops,including rape,Dongmu 70,and purple sweet potato,were grown during the winter leisure period of tobacco,and no crops planted were taken as the control during winter leisure period.Two treatments of covering green and harvesting were applied.By measuring the content,proportion,and storage of light and heavy fraction organic carbon in different soil layers under different treatments,the effects of harvesting and covering green of the catch crops on light and heavy fraction organic carbon in tobacco field soil were explored.The results showed that the content of the total organic carbon,heavy fraction organic carbon and light fraction organic carbon under the treatments of the different catch crops and returning farmland methods decreased as increase of soil depth.Compared with the control,the treatment of covering green of the catch crops could significantly increase the content of the total organic carbon,heavy fraction organic carbon and light fraction group,especially at the soil layer of Dongmu 70 at 20-40 cm,which increased by 22.3%,21.98% and 27.78%,respectively.Harvesting of the catch crops reduced the proportion and storage of light fraction organic carbon,while covering green increased the proportion and storage of light fraction organic carbon.Among them,dongmu 70 increased significantly at depths of 0-20 cm,increasing by 18.14% and 40.03%,respectively.Covering green of the catch crops increased soil water content and water holding in tobacco field soil,decreased soil bulk density,and inceased storage of light and heavy fraction organic carbon in soil.In general,the treatment of covering green of had the best effect,it could significantly increase the content of the total organic carbon and light and heavy fraction organic carbon in the soil,followed by rape.

关 键 词：填闲作物 烟田 掩青 收割 轻组有机碳 重组有机碳 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]