山东烟田烟蚜种群动态与空间分布  

Population Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Myzus persicae in Tobacco Field of Shandong Province

作　　者：陈鹏 王宝剑 朱先志 刘文涛 周仙红[1] 任广伟[3] 庄乾营[1] 高欢欢[1] 张秀霞[1] 张安盛[1] CHEN Peng;WANG Baojian;ZHU Xianzhi;LIU Wentao;ZHOU Xianhong;REN Guangwei;ZHUANG Qianying;GAO Huanhuan;ZHANG Xiuxia;ZHANG Ansheng(Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji′nan 250100,China;Shandong Linyi Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276826,China;Institute of Tobacco,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东济南250100 [2]山东临沂烟草有限公司,山东临沂276826 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第3期116-122,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-25-03);中国烟草总公司重大科技项目计划项目(110202201017(LS-01));山东临沂烟草有限公司科技计划项目(2022371300260643-005)。

摘　　要：烟蚜在山东烟田发生普遍,危害严重。研究山东烟田烟蚜种群动态与空间分布对于提高山东烟田烟蚜预测测报准确率以及有效防控该害虫具有重要意义。试验开展了烟蚜的田间种群消长动态调查,并应用5个聚集度指标(丛生指数I,聚块指标m^(*)/m,久野指标Ca,扩散系数C,负二项分布K值)和2种回归方法(Iwao回归分析法与Toylar幂法则)研究其空间分布特征。结果表明,2020—2021年烟田烟蚜的种群动态均为双峰型曲线:第1个高峰出现在5月下旬至6月上旬,第2个高峰出现在7月上中旬。在垂直分布上,烟草植株上部叶片的烟蚜数量占比(49.07%~70.29%)显著高于中部叶片(27.64%~33.71%)和下部叶片(1.64%~19.85%)。数据分析结果显示,I(1.733 2~42.703 0)>0,m^(*)/m(2.368 3~10.414 2)>1,Ca(1.368 3~9.414 2)>0,C(2.733 2~43.703 0)>1,0<K(0.106 2~0.730 8)<8;在Iwao回归方程中,β(4.578 65)>1,α(0.190 57)>0,在Toylar幂法则回归方程中,lga(0.691 65)>0,b(1.817 05)>1,说明调查期间烟蚜种群呈聚集分布,分布的基本成分是个体群。利用空间分布参数确定了烟蚜的理论抽样数,并提出合理的田间抽样技术,即在烟田内采用“Z”字形取样法,每点选取烟草5~10株、每株烟草调查上中部叶片2~4片。Myzus persicae is a prevalent and serious pest in tobacco fields of Shandong province.Study on the population dynamics and spatial distribution of Myzus persicae in Shandong tobacco fields is of great significance for improvement of the accuracy of Myzus persicae prediction and effective prevention and control of this pest.In this study,the population dynamics were investigated in tobacco fields,and the spatial distribution characteristics were studied using five indexes of aggregation(clumping index I,patchiness index m~*/m,Cassie index C_a,dispersion coefficient C,and negative binomial K) and two regression models(Iwao's regression and Taylor's power law).The results showed that the population dynamics of Myzus persicae showed a clear bimodal curve in the tobacco fields during 2020–2021,the first peak occurred from late May to early June and the second peak occurred from early to mid-July.On vertical distribution,the proportion of Myzus persicae on the upper leaves(49.07%-70.29%) was significantly higher than that on the middle leaves(27.64%-33.71%) and the lower leaves(1.64%–19.85%).Data analysis showed that I>0,range:1.733 2–42.703 0;m~*/m>1,range:2.368 3–10.414 2;C_a>0,range:1.368 3–9.414 2;C>1,range:2.733 2–43.703 0;0<K<8,range:0.106 2–0.730 8.In Iwao regression equation,β(4.578 65)>1,α(0.190 57)>0.In Taylor's power law regression equation,lga(0.691 65)>0,b(1.817 05)>1.The above results indicated that the distribution of the Myzus persicae population followed an aggregated pattern and the basic components of distribution were in individual groups during the investigation period.Theoretical sampling number were obtained from the spatial distribution parameters,and the resulting field sampling technique was determined:a Z-shaped sampling method was used in the tobacco fields,5–10 tobacco plants were selected from each point and 2–4 upper and middle leaves were investigated for each tobacco plant.

关 键 词：烟蚜 种群动态 Iwao回归分析法 Toylar幂法则 空间分布 理论抽样数 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]