黄芩田茎叶处理除草剂筛选试验  

Screening for Herbicides Treating Stem and Leaf in Scutellaria baicalensis Field

作　　者：郭志刚[1] 郭振营[1] 王振军[1] 李梦姣[1] 吴学平 GUO Zhigang;GUO Zhenying;WANG Zhenjun;LI Mengjiao;WU Xueping(Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang Henan 453000)

机构地区：[1]新乡市农业科学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第10期53-58,68,共7页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了筛选出适用于黄芩田防除一年生杂草的除草剂种类或组合,通过调查黄芩田杂草种类、数量,并针对主要杂草,从13种有代表性的茎叶处理除草剂中筛选出对黄芩安全性好的种类进行防效试验,确定除草效果及用量。结果表明,60 g/L烟嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂750.0 mL/hm^(2),12%砜嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂120.0、187.5 mL/hm^(2)以及10.8%精喹禾灵水乳剂450.0、675.0、1350.0 mL/hm^(2),108 g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油375.00、450.0、900.0 mL/hm^(2)等处理对黄芩安全,鲜重减退率为-17.96%~-1.35%;480 g/L灭草松水剂等其他药剂处理黄芩植株全部或多数枯死、植株弱小发黄,对黄芩不安全。药后30 d,12%砜嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂120.00、187.50、240.00、375.00 mL/hm^(2)处理对黄芩田一年生阔叶杂草的总体株防效为84.08%~90.55%,鲜重防效为89.30%~95.38%;对一年生禾本科杂草的总体株防效为54.90%~73.20%,鲜重防效为60.16%~78.52%。10.8%精喹禾灵水乳剂450.00、675.00 mL/hm^(2)处理对黄芩田一年生禾本科杂草的株防效为90.20%~95.42%,鲜重防效为93.19%~97.00%。108g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油375.00、450.00 mL/hm^(2)处理对黄芩田一年生禾本科杂草的株防效为95.42%~99.35%,鲜重防效为97.23%~99.54%。可以使用12%砜嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂120.0~187.5 mL/hm^(2)防除黄芩田以反枝苋、马齿苋、牛筋草等为主的一年生杂草,且对黄芩安全。当禾本科杂草群体较大时,可加入10.8%精喹禾灵水乳剂450.00~675.00 mL/hm^(2)或108 g/L高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油375.00~450.00 mL/hm^(2),以提高对禾本科杂草的防效。In order to screen the herbicide types or combinations suitable for controlling annual weeds in Scutellaria baicalensis field,a survey was conducted on the types and quantities of weeds in Scutellaria baicalensis fields.Based on the main weeds,13 representative herbicides for stem and leaf treatment were selected for efficacy testing to determine the weed control effect and dosage.The results showed that 60 g/L nicosulfuron OD 750.0 mL/hm^(2),12%rimsulfuron OD 120.0,187.5 mL/hm^(2)and 10.8%quizalofop-p-ethyl EW 450.0,675.0,1350.0 mL/hm^(2),108 g/L haloxyfop-p-methyl EC 375.0,450.0,900.0 mL/hm^(2)were safe for Scutellaria baicalensis,and the fresh weight reduction rate was-17.96%--1.35%.All or most of the Scutellaria baicalensis plants treated with 480 g/L and other herbicides died and the plants were weak and yellow,which were not safe for Scutellaria baicalensis.On the 30th day after treatment,the total plant control effects of 12%rimsulfuron OD 120.00,187.50,240.00,375.00 mL/hm^(2)on annual broad-leaved weeds in Scutellaria baicalensis field were 84.08%-90.55%,and the fresh weight control effect was 89.30%-95.38%.The total plant control effect on annual Gramineae weeds was 54.90%-73.20%,and the fresh weight control effect was 60.16%-78.52%.The plant control effects of 10.8%quizalofop-p-ethyl EW 450.00,675.00 mL/hm^(2)were 90.20%-95.42%,and the fresh weight control effect was 93.19%-97.00%.The plant control effects of 108 g/L haloxyfop-pmethyl EC 375.00,450.00 mL/hm^(2)on annual grass weeds in Scutellaria baicalensis field were 95.42%-99.35%,and the fresh weight control effects were 97.23%-99.54%.It is safe to use 12%rimsulfuron OD 120.0-187.5 mL/hm^(2)to control annual weeds such as Amaranthus retroflexus,Portulaca oleracea and Eleusine indica.When the Gramineae weed population is large,10.8%quizalofop-p-ethyl EW 450-675 mL/hm^(2)or 108 g/L haloxyfop-p-methyl EC 375-450 mL/hm^(2)can be added to increase the control effect on Gramineae weeds.

关 键 词：黄芩 一年生杂草 除草剂 防效 安全性 

分 类 号：S451.23[农业科学—植物保护] S481.9