兴义矮脚鸡肠道微生物与其体质量的关联性  

Correlation between intestinal microbiota and body weight of Xingyi bantam chickens

作　　者：龙小霞 杨永鲜 吕玉新 吴古荣 张欢 杨金春 汪潘 杨胜宏 王忠 LONG Xiao-xia;YANG Yong-xian;LYU Yu-xin;WU Gu-rong;ZHANG Huan;YANG Jin-chun;WANG Pan;YANG Sheng-hong;WANG Zhong(College of Animal Sciences,Guizhou University/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Xingyi City,Xingyi,Guizhou 562400,China;Guizhou Laoheini Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Xingyi,Guizhou 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院/高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]兴义市农业农村局,贵州兴义562400 [3]贵州老黑泥农牧有限公司,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第2期311-322,共12页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260829);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5606号,黔科合支撑[2022]重点34);贵州省教育厅高校自然科学研究项目(黔教技[2022]061)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同体质量分组兴义矮脚鸡肠道菌群及其网络结构特征,鉴定出与鸡体质量相关的潜在生物标志物,为养鸡业促生长益生菌的发掘提供理论依据。【方法】从同批次的110羽兴义矮脚母鸡群体(16周龄)中选取体质量最高的20羽组成HWC组(1.12±0.05 kg),体质量最低的20羽组成LWC组(0.74±0.05 kg),采集肛门粪便样品检测16SrRNA序列V3~V4可变区,利用Mothur进行肠道菌群Alpha多样性,采用基于未加权UniFrac距离的主坐标分析(PCoA)评估肠道菌群Beta多样性,通过SparCC算法构建肠道菌群互作网络,并应用LEfSe分析鉴定与兴义矮脚鸡体质量相关的肠道微生物。【结果】从40份兴义矮脚鸡粪便样品中共获得3145511条Clean reads,经DADA2聚类分析得到22297个扩增子序列变异体(ASVs)。在门分类水平上,兴义矮脚鸡肠道菌群中相对丰度排名前5的菌门包括厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和热脱硫杆菌门,对应的相对丰度分别为67.54%、12.24%、11.28%、2.39%和1.26%;在属分类水平上,相对丰度排名前5的菌属分别为乳酸杆菌属、罗斯氏菌属、利吉拉杆菌属、拟杆菌属和志贺杆菌属,对应的相对丰度分别为23.35%、14.86%、5.44%、4.63%和2.77%。LWC组兴义矮脚鸡肠道菌群稳定性指数为3.95%,HWC组的为12.22%,且LWC组的网络复杂性(5.57%)也低于HWC组(7.70%),推测低体质量兴义矮脚鸡肠道菌群复杂性和稳定性的下降与其体质量较低有关。兴义矮脚鸡肠道菌群互作网络中重要性评分排名前5的枢纽菌群分别是植物乳杆菌、乳球菌、瘤胃球菌属扭链群、粪杆菌属和理研菌科_RC9_菌群。LEfSe分析发现,有18个ASVs的相对丰度在HWC组和LWC组间呈显著差异(LDA>2,P<0.05),其中,12个ASVs表现为在LWC组的相对丰度高于HWC组,6个ASVs表现为在HWC组的相对丰度高于LWC组。【结论】肠杆菌科、支原体属等有害菌相对丰度的上升会降低鸡肠道�【Objective】To explore the intestinal microbiota and network structure characteristics of Xingyi bantam chickens with different body weight groups,and identify potential biomarkers related to body weight,providing a theo‐retical basis for the discovery of growth-promoting probiotics in the chicken industry.【Method】Selected 20 chickens each with the highest and lowest body weight from 110 hens(16 weeks old)to construct the high body weight group(HWC,1.12±0.05 kg)and the low body weight group(LWC,0.74±0.05 kg).Collected anal stool samples to detect the V3-V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA sequence.Mothur was used to measure the alpha diversity of the intestinal microbiota.Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)based on the unweighted UniFrac distance was used to evaluate the beta diversity of the intestinal microbiota.And microbial interaction network was constructed using the SparCC algorithm for the sequencing data.Finally,LEfSe analysis was used to identify intestinal microbes related to Xingyi bantam chicken body weight.【Result】The results showed that a total of 3145511 Clean reads were obtained from 40 Xingyi bantam chicken stool samples,and 22297 amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)were obtained through DADA2 cluster analysis.The intestinal microbiota of Xingyi bantam chickens mainly included Firmicutes(relative abundance 67.54%),Proteobacteria(relative abundance 12.24%),Bacteroidota(relative abundance 11.28%),Actinobacteriota(relative abundance 2.39%),and De‐sulfobacterota(relative abundance 1.26%)at the phylum level,At the genus level,mainly included Lactobacillus(rela‐tive abundance 23.35%),Rothia(relative abundance 14.86%),Ligella(relative abundance 5.44%),Bacteroides(rela‐tive abundance 4.63%),and Shigella(relative abundance 2.77%).The stability index of the intestinal microbiota of Xingyi bantam chickens in the LWC group was 3.95%,and that of the HWC group was 12.22%.Interaction network analysis found that the complexity of gut microbial network in LWC(5.57%)was lower than that of HWC(7.70

关 键 词：兴义矮脚鸡 肠道菌群 体质量 互作网络 16S rRNA 

分 类 号：S831.89[农业科学—畜牧学]