2019—2020年大同市8~10岁儿童生长发育现状调查  

Growth and development status of children aged 8-10 in Datong City,2019-2020

作　　者：秦佳冶 段爱旭[2] 齐美霞 马春[1] 李鸿斌[1] QIN Jiaye;DUAN Aixu;QI Meixia;MA Chun;LI Hongbin(The Fifth People's Hospital of Datong City,Datong 037005,China;College of Nursing,Shanxi Datong University)

机构地区：[1]大同市第五人民医院,山西大同037005 [2]山西大同大学护理学院

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2024年第2期115-118,123,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：大同市重点研发计划项目(2019078)。

摘　　要：目的 分析大同市8~10岁学龄期儿童生长发育现状及相关影响因素,探讨有效的干预措施,为防治儿童生长发育异常提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法抽取大同市8~10岁学龄期儿童作为调查对象,采用问卷调查、体格检查及血生化检测等方法收集儿童生长发育信息,采用描述性分析方法对儿童生长发育情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法分析儿童生长发育不良的影响因素。结果 获得2 359名8~10岁儿童的数据,有效率为97.76%。发育不达标871例,不达标率为36.92%,其中年龄别身高Z评分<-2的生长迟缓374例(15.85%),年龄别体重Z评分<-2的体重过轻260例(11.02%),身高别体重Z评分<-2的消瘦237例(10.05%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示早产儿(OR=1.963)、主要照顾者祖父母(OR=2.154)、不良饮食习惯(OR=2.994)、睡眠不充足(OR=3.330)、身体活动不达标(OR=4.285)、钙缺乏(OR=1.444)、铁缺乏(OR=2.886)、心理不健康(OR=1.471)是8~10岁学龄期儿童生长发育不达标的影响因素。结论 大同市8~10岁儿童生长发育不达标率较高,其受到多种因素影响,应根据生长发育异常情况及影响因素关注重点人群,建立良好的生活行为习惯,检测钙、铁等微量元素指标,并注重儿童心理健康,以提高其生长发育健康水平。Objective To analyze the growth and development status and related influencing factors of children aged 8-10 in Datong City,to explore effective intervention measures,and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of abnormal growth and development of children.Methods The stratified cluster sampling was used to select school-age children aged 8-10 in Datong City as the survey objects.The growth and development information of chil-dren was collected by questionnaire survey,physical examination,and blood biochemical test.The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the growth and development of children,and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of growth development retardation.Results Data from 2359 school-age children aged 8-10 were obtained,with an effective rate of 97.76%.There were 871 cases of developmental delay,with a rate of 36.92%.Among them,374 cases(15.85%)had growth retardation with a height-for-age Z-score<-2,260 cases(11.02%)had underweight with a weight-for-age Z-score<-2,and 237 cases(10.05%)had emaciation with a weight-for-height Z-score<-2.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth(OR=1.963),primary caregiver being grandparents(OR=2.154),poor dietary habits(OR=2.994),inadequate sleep(OR=3.330),insufficient physical activity(OR=4.285),calcium deficiency(OR=1.444),iron deficiency(OR=2.886),and poor mental health(OR=1.471)were influencing factors for growth development retardation in school-age children aged 8-10.Conclusions The rate of growth development retardation in school-age children aged 8-10 in Datong City is high,which is affected by many factors.It is necessary to pay attention to key groups according to the abnormal growth and development and its influencing factors,establish good life behavior habits,detect calcium,iron,and other trace elements,and pay attention to children's mental health,to improve their growth and development health level.

关 键 词：生长发育 学龄期 儿童 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]