转炉双渣法冶炼炉渣成分、性能及炉温的匹配  

Matching of slag composition, performance and furnace temperature based on double slag process

作　　者：张桢凯 赵俊学[1] 王泽 康毅 曹赓 王贺 陈元平 ZHANG Zhenkai;ZHAO Junxue;WANG Ze;KANG Yi;CAO Geng;WANG He;CHEN Yuanping(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,Shaanxi,China;Technology Center,Shanxi Hongda Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Hejin 043310,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]山西宏达钢铁集团有限公司技术中心,山西河津043310

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第4期57-65,共9页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674185)。

摘　　要：在转炉冶炼过程中熔池温度、金属的成分、炉渣的成分等处于不断变化之中,进而引起炉渣性能的变化,对冶炼过程及钢水质量产生重要的影响。双渣留渣工艺是近年受到广泛关注的转炉炼钢新工艺,但对于双渣法冶炼成渣过程中炉渣成分和性能的变化与温度的耦合匹配及其影响缺乏系统的研究。基于某钢厂的条件建立了物料平衡,测算了双渣法工艺留渣量、倒渣量对炉渣成分及脱磷能力的影响;另外,基于双渣成渣过程的生产数据、双渣冶炼相关研究及炉渣性能模型合理选取与测算,对转炉双渣法冶炼过程中熔池温度、炉渣成分、炉渣熔点和黏度、磷容量、磷分配比和硫容量等的变化进行了梳理,对冶炼过程各参数的匹配状况进行了分析,探讨了其对脱磷、脱硫效果的影响,可为该厂双渣法工艺实施及优化提供参考。结果表明,采用双渣留渣法冶炼与常规冶炼相比,渣料消耗和铁损明显降低,企业石灰消耗由34.07 kg/t降低到17.04 kg/t,轻烧白云石消耗由14.07 kg/t降低到8.89 kg/t,脱磷分配比更高,脱磷效果好;同时留渣量及倒渣量的稳定控制对炉渣的性能有重要影响。冶炼初期、脱磷阶段后期和脱碳段前期,仍易出现炉渣熔化温度高于炉温的现象,应注意提枪化渣。此外,转炉双渣法冶炼前期熔池温度相对较低,炉渣的流动性与脱磷能力实现良好匹配是该工艺高效脱磷的关键。In the process of converter smelting,the temperature of molten pool,the composition of metal and the composition of slag are constantly changing,which leads to the change of slag performance and has an important influence on the smelting process and the quality of molten steel.The double-slag process is a new converter steelmaking process that has received extensive attention in recent years.However,there is a lack of systematic research on the coupling and matching of slag composition and performance changes with temperature and their effects during the slag formation process of double-slag process.Based on the conditions of a steel plant,the material balance was established,and the effects of slag retention and slag dumping on slag composition and dephosphorization ability were calculated.In addition,based on the production data of double-slag process of slag formation,the related research of double-slag process and the reasonable selection and calculation of slag performance model,the changes of bath temperature,slag composition,slag melting point and viscosity,phosphorus capacity,phosphorus distribution ratio and sulfur capacity in the process of converter double-slag smelting are sorted out.The matching status of various parameters in the converter steelmaking process is analyzed,and its influence on dephosphorization and desulfurization effect is discussed,which can provide reference for the implementation and optimization of the double-slag process in the plant.The results show that compared with conventional smelting,the consumption of slag and iron loss are significantly reduced by double slag and slag retention method.The consumption of lime in the enterprise is reduced from 34.07 kg/t to 17.04 kg/t,and the consumption of light burnt dolomite is reduced from 14.07 kg/t to 8.89 kg/t.The dephosphorization distribution ratio is higher and the dephosphorization effect is better.At the same time,the stable control of slag retention and slag dumping has an important influence on the performance of slag.In the

关 键 词：转炉冶炼 留渣双渣 脱磷 炉渣成分 炉渣性能 耦合匹配 

分 类 号：TF713[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]