论地理标志构成要素的认定  

The Recognition of Constituting Elements of Geographical Indications

作　　者：冯术杰[1] Feng Shujie

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2024年第4期3-13,共11页Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“商标法与反不正当竞争法的制度协调研究”(20BFX142)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：我国将建立的统一地理标志制度,应以保障特色产品的品质,保护生产者、经营者和消费者利益,促进特色产品经济发展为目的。正确认定地理标志的构成要素对于该制度的建立具有决定性意义。结合国际公约并借鉴国外经验,分析地理标志构成要素认定中的客观性与多样性问题。产品品质特征具有稳定性与演化性,对其的认定应具有客观性并体现多样性。声誉作为地理标志产品的特征,应从其与产品客观品质的关系角度来认定。对于地理“标志”应采用《TRIPS协定》的开放式规定。产地的自然或人文因素、产地范围、产品品质特征是三个互动制约的客观因素。在地理标志构成要素的认定中,应保障相关利益方的充分参与,以保证认定的客观性并更好地保护相关主体的利益。The establishment of a unified geographical indication(GI)system in China should aim at protecting the interests of producers,operators and consumers,ensuring the quality of featured products and promoting the economic development of featured products.As the defining mechanism of the object of rights,the constituting elements of GIs play a fundamental role in ensuring the realization of the system's purpose.Combining international conventions and drawing on foreign experiences,it analyzes the objectivity and diversity issues in the identification of constituting elements of GIs.The quality features of products are stable and evolutionary,and their identification should be objective and reflect diversity.As a feature of GI products,reputation should be understood from the perspective of its relationship with product quality.The concept of"indication"in GIs should adopt the open-ended provisions of the TRIPS Agreement.The natural or human factors of origin,the geographical scope,and the quality characteristics of products are the three interactive constraints.In the determination of the constituting elements of GIs,the full participation of producers,operators and relevant product experts should be guaranteed to ensure the objectivity of identification and better protect the interests of relevant parties.

关 键 词：地理标志 地理标志产品 构成要素 统一立法 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学] D997.1[政治法律—法学]