基于社会网络分析法的广西农村订单定向医学生免费培养项目问题分析及优化策略  

Analysis of Problems and Optimization Strategies of the Free Training Program for Rural Order-oriented Medical Students in Guangxi Based on Social Network Analysis

作　　者：蒙珊珊 陈丽丽 黎娴菁 黄凌波 冯启明[1,2] 覃娴静 刘佩芸 卢德成 MENG Shanshan;CHEN Lili;LI Xianjing;HUANG Lingbo;FENG Qiming;QIN Xianjing;LIU Peiyun;LU Decheng(Health and Policy Research Center/Guangxi High-End Think Tank Construction and Cultivation Unit,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China;School of Information and Management,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学卫生与健康政策研究中心、广西高端智库建设培育单位,广西壮族自治区南宁市530021 [2]广西医科大学信息与管理学院,广西壮族自治区南宁市530021

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2024年第22期2759-2765,共7页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会委托项目。

摘　　要：背景我国自2010年起开始实施农村订单定向医学生免费培养项目(以下简称该项目),该项目在完善基层卫生人才队伍建设、提升基层医疗卫生服务水平等方面发挥了重要作用。随着该项目的推进,虽然已取得了一定成效,但也存在诸多尚待解决的问题,而其中紧迫且重要的核心问题尚未明确。目的通过梳理存在的问题,为进一步推进该项目提供借鉴。方法于2023年5月,采用文献分析法检索中文数据库,梳理文献记载的该项目存在的问题;采用社会网络分析法对梳理得出的问题进行分析,运用优劣解距离法(TOPSIS法)对基于社会网络分析法计算得出的结果进行综合评价。结果对文献中有关问题进行整理统计。得出频次排名靠前的问题依次为定向医学生基层薪资待遇偏低(14次)、定向医学生基层职业发展空间有限(10次)、相关配套政策不完善(10次)、基层工作条件差(7次)、定向医学生学习积极性与主动性欠缺(7次);通过TOPSIS法对社会网络分析法计算得出的结果进行综合评价,排名前4位的问题依次为相关配套政策不完善(Ci=0.867)、定向医学生基层职业发展空间有限(Ci=0.800)、定向医学生基层薪资待遇偏低(Ci=0.786)和基层工作条件差(Ci=0.621)。结论广西壮族自治区农村订单定向医学生免费培养项目在推进过程中仍存在较大问题。建议从以下几个方面优化该项目以确保项目高质量发展:完善相关配套政策,强化监管与评估;畅通职业晋升渠道,建立长效激励机制;完善薪酬制度,提高待遇水平;改善基层工作环境,为基层工作提质增效。Background In 2010,China began to implement a free training program for rural order-oriented medical students(the"program"),which has played an important role in improving the construction of grass-roots health personnel and upgrading the level of grass-roots medical and health services.As the program has progressed,despite certain successes,there are many problems that remain to be solved,and it is not yet known which are the urgent and important core issues.Objective Sorting out the problems with the program to provide lessons learned for moving the program forward.Methods In May 2023,Chinese databases were searched using the literature analysis method to sort out the problems of the project documented in the literature;the problems resulting from the sorting out were analyzed using the social network analysis method,and the results calculated based on the social network analysis method were comprehensively evaluated using the TOPSIS method.Results The relevant problems in the literature were organized and counted.The top-ranked problems in order of frequency were low salary and treatment at the grassroots level for oriented medical students(14 times),limited space for career development at the grassroots level for oriented medical students(10 times),imperfect relevant supporting policies(10 times),poor working conditions at the grassroots level(7 times),and lack of motivation and initiative in learning for oriented medical students(7 times);and the results of the social network analysis were synthesized and evaluated by the TOPSIS method.The results of the social network analysis method were comprehensively evaluated by the TOPSIS method,and the top four rankings were imperfect relevant supporting policies(Ci=0.867),limited space for grassroots career development of oriented medical students(Ci=0.800),low grassroots salary and treatment of oriented medical students(Ci=0.786),and poor grassroots working conditions(Ci=0.621)in the order of ranking.Conclusion Guangxi's free training program for rural order-orient

关 键 词：教育 医学 农村订单定向医学生 全科医生 卫生政策 问题分析 社会网络分析法 TOPSIS法 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]