月球辐射环境致DNA链断裂损伤规律的仿真研究  

Simulation Study on Rules of DNA Strand Breakage Damage Caused by Lunar Radiation Environment

作　　者：贾鑫禹 蔡明辉 杨涛 许亮亮 夏清 韩瑞龙 韩建伟 JIA Xinyu;CAI Minghui;YANG Tao;XU Liangliang;XIA Qing;HAN Ruilong;Han Jianwei(National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Aeronautics and Astronautics,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学航空宇航学院,北京100049

出　　处：《载人航天》2024年第2期167-173,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2201300)。

摘　　要：月球表面缺乏磁场和大气的保护,其辐射环境长期处于极端恶劣的水平,对探月航天员的健康构成了严重威胁。针对月表面无屏蔽、航天服屏蔽和月面基地屏蔽条件下的空间辐射环境,运用基于蒙特卡洛方法的Geant4-DNA仿真软件,研究了单细胞核内DNA在上述环境下的链断裂损伤规律。结果表明:质子引起的双链断裂比例低于铁离子;无屏蔽状态下,若爆发太阳粒子事件,DNA结构将在短期内受到严重破坏,链断裂总数可达2×10^(6)个以上,约占细胞核内碱基对总数的0.039%;银河宇宙线环境中,辐射风险主要由长期累计剂量引起,质子凭借更高的通量,拥有了比铁离子更强的DNA破坏效果;但在有屏蔽状态下,DNA结构的损伤状况得到了明显改善,尤其是爆发太阳粒子事件这种极端情况下,最多减少了99.96%的链断裂数。The absence of magnetic field and protective atmosphere on the lunar surface results in an extremely harsh radiation environment which poses a significant threat to the health of lunar astro-nauts.In this article,Geant4-DNA simulation software based on the Monte Carlo method was uti-lized to investigate the patterns of DNA strand break damage within cell nuclei under three different space radiation conditions:unshielded lunar surface,astronaut suit shielding,and lunar base shiel-ding.The simulation results indicated that:The proportion of double-strand breaks caused by pro-tons was lower than that caused by iron ions;In the unshielded condition,in the event of a solar particle event,the DNA structure experienced severe damage within a short period,with a total of over 2 million strand breaks,accounting for approximately 0.039%of the total number of base pairs within the cell nucleus;In the galactic cosmic ray environment,radiation risks were primarily driven by long-term cumulative doses.Protons,with their higher flux,exhibited a stronger DNA damaging effect compared to iron ions;However,under shielded conditions,the damage to the DNA structure was significantly reduced,especially in extreme situations such as solar particle events,where up to 99.96%of strand breaks could be mitigated.

关 键 词：月表 宇宙线 太阳质子 DNA链断裂 辐射损伤 

分 类 号：O572[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] V19[理学—物理]