面向月球基地的自循环热管理及发电系统研究  

Study on Self⁃circulation Thermal Management and Power Generation System Applied in Lunar Base

作　　者：孙培杰 王长焕 李双菲 王东保 吕小静[2] 翁一武[2] 卜劭华 SUN Peijie;WANG Changhuan;LI Shuangfei;WANG Dongbao;LYU Xiaojing;WENG Yiwu;BU Shaohua(Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Systems Engineering,Shanghai 201108,China;Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 201100,China;Space Structure and Mechanism Technology Laboratory of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Co.Ltd,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201108 [2]上海交通大学,上海201100 [3]中国航天科技集团有限公司空间结构与机构技术实验室,上海201100

出　　处：《载人航天》2024年第2期206-213,共8页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(51806137);上海航天先进技术联合研究基金资助项目(USCAST2019-6)。

摘　　要：针对月球基地热管理需求,根据月面热环境特点,设计了一种面向月球基地的新型自循环热管理及发电系统。系统将有机朗肯循环(ORC)和喷射制冷循环(ERC)相结合,以仪器设备散热和太阳能或核能废热为热源,以外部冷背景为冷源,系统内一部分的工质吸收热源,通过有机朗肯循环发电,另一部分工质通过蒸发器吸收航天员日常工作环境中的热量,为航天服和科学研究提供冷量。系统不需要外部电力,可以独立运行,实现发电与制冷。经分析模型计算,在满足月球基地热量收集、传输和排散的基础上,可以实现最大废热制冷率40%以上,总废热利用效率50%以上.According to the demand of the lunar base for thermal management,a new type of self-circulation thermal management and power generation system is designed according to the character-istics of the lunar surface thermal environment.The system combines the Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)and the Ejector Refrigeration Cycle(ERC).The equipment heat and solar or nuclear waste heat is taken as the heat source,while the external cold background is taken as the cold source.Part of the system working medium absorbs the heat source and realize ORC electric power generation,while the other part of the system working medium absorbs heat from astronauts through the e-vaporator in the daily working environment,thus provide cooling for spacesuits and scientific researches.The system can operate independently to achieve power generation and cooling without any needs of external power.According to the analysis,on the basis of meeting the needs of heat collection,transmission and distribution of the lunar base,the maximum waste heat cooling rate can reach over 40%,and the total waste heat utilization efficiency can reach over 50%.

关 键 词：月球基地 有机朗肯循环 自循环热管理 喷射制冷循环 发电 

分 类 号：V416.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]