商业载人航天器测控通信模式初步构想  

Preliminary Design of TT&C and Communication Mode for Commercial Manned Spacecraft

作　　者：汤达 王志生[1] 万鹏[1] TANG Da;WANG Zhisheng;WAN Peng(Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2024年第2期233-238,共6页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：随着商业航天的快速发展与可重复使用等前沿技术应用的逐步成熟,以往以国家行为为主体的载人航天领域已开始积极吸纳商业航天力量融合发展。针对载人航天高可靠性要求与商业航天低成本控制之间的矛盾,梳理分析了现役载人航天器测控需求、链路配置与使用模式,在此基础上,综合考虑载人航天传统需求与商业航天特点,提出了标配+选配的测控链路配置模式;针对在轨关键事件与常态化运行场景,设计了中继、对地等传统链路与卫星互联网系统、北斗短报文系统等非传统链路相结合,支持遥测、遥控、图像、话音等多样化业务的载人航天器测控通信模式。相关研究成果可为商业载人航天器测控通信设计提供借鉴参考。With the rapid development of commercial spaceflight and gradual maturity of advanced technologies such as reusable rockets,human spaceflight which used to be mainly dominated by government,has begun to absorb commercial spaceflight actively for integrated development.Aiming at the contradiction between high reliability requirement of human space and low cost control of com-mercial spaceflight,TT&C requirements,link configuration and usage pattern of active manned spacecraft were analyzed.Based on this,considering traditional needs of human spaceflight and characteristics of commercial spaceflight,TT&C link configuration model combining standard configuration and optional configuration was proposed.In addition,for in-orbit critical events and normal-ized operating scenarios,TT&C and communication mode for manned spacecraft combining tradition-al TT&C links(with TDRSS or ground station etc.)and non-traditional TT&C links(with satellite internet system or Beidou system etc.)was designed to support diversity operations such as telemetry,command,image and voice communication.The research results can provide reference for TT&C design of commercial manned spacecraft.

关 键 词：商业载人航天器 测控通信 链路配置 非传统测控 

分 类 号：V525[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]