鼻用中药预防疫病的古今应用与科学内涵  

Ancient and Modern Application and Scientific Connotation of Nasal Chinese Medicines for Prevention of Epidemics

作　　者：张悦 黎晓蕾 李皓月 郝鸣昭 吴新新 赵静[1] ZHANG Yue;LI Xiaolei;LI Haoyue;HAO Mingzhao;WU Xinxin;ZHAO Jing(Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;International Cooperation Department,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Institute for History of Medicine and Medical Literature,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [2]中国中医科学院国际合作处,北京100700 [3]中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《世界中医药》2024年第5期656-661,共6页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程中医临床基础学科创新团队项目(CI2021B003);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00704-4)。

摘　　要：流感、新型冠状病毒感染等呼吸道传染病属于中医学疫病范畴,其重在预防,鼻用中药具有效优价良、安全便携的特点,且经鼻给药可直接、快速激活细胞、体液以及黏膜三重免疫应答。因此,鼻用中药近年来在疫病预防中的应用逐渐增多。通过梳理鼻用中药防疫的中医理论基础及古代应用,总结鼻腔独特的生理结构及鼻用中药防疫的现代临床应用,并从鼻腔黏膜免疫角度阐述鼻用中药防疫的科学内涵及其研究前景,以期丰富疫病预防方法并为鼻用中药未来研发提供新思路。Respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza and COVID-19 are epidemics in TCM,for which prevention is the most effective way.Nasal Chinese medicines with definite therapeutic effects,low costs,high safety and portability,and capacity of simultaneously activating cellular,humoral,and mucosal immunity by intranasal administration have been increasingly applied in the prevention of epidemics in recent years.This paper reviews the theoretical basis and ancient application of nasal Chinese medicines for epidemic prevention,and summarizes the unique physiological advantages of nasal cavity and modern clinical application of nasal Chinese medicines.In addition,this paper expounds the scientific connotation and research prospects of nasal Chinese medicines for epidemic prevention from the perspective of nasal mucosal immunity.The paper aims to enrich the methods of epidemic prevention and provide new ideas for the future research and development of nasal Chinese medicines.

关 键 词：鼻用 中药 预防 疫病 鼻腔生理结构 黏膜 黏膜免疫 临床应用 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R2-03