新质生产力视角下的农业全要素生产率:理论、测度与实证  

Agricultural Total Factor Productivity from the Perspective of New Quality Productivity:Theory,Measurement and Empirical Research

作　　者：龚斌磊 袁菱苒 GONG Binlei;YUAN Lingran

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院,杭州310058

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2024年第4期68-80,共13页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:72161147001,72173114,72061147002);国家社科基金重大项目(编号:21&ZD092);CGIAR全球低碳食物系统重大科学项目(编号:Mitigate+);清华大学中国农村研究院博士论文奖学金项目(编号:202322);浙江大学国际合作专项资助。

摘　　要：新质生产力是推动经济高质量发展的重要动能,农业新质生产力则是农业强国建设的核心驱动力。本文认为,全要素生产率提升作为新质生产力的核心标志,是深入认识新质生产力内涵的重要抓手。本文关注新质生产力视角下农业全要素生产率的测度研究和实证研究:第一,在测度体系方面,回顾了以索洛余值、数据包络分析和随机前沿分析为代表的农业全要素生产率传统测算体系,并对该体系的主要缺陷进行了归纳总结;在此基础上,结合变系数模型和新增长核算法等前沿方法,以技术创新导向、农业特征导向和多维目标导向为核心线索,对农业全要素生产率的测度体系进行了重构,并以农业数智化技术为例,展示了新测度体系的应用。第二,在实证评估方面,本文从研究范式和研究方法两个维度对现有研究进行了梳理。一方面,对三类主要研究范式进行了归纳;另一方面,对简约式模型和结构式模型两大方法各自的优势、局限和应用场景进行了比较。此外,本文进一步对未来农业新质生产力的测度研究和实证评估进行了展望。New quality productivity plays a vital role in fostering high-quality economic development, particularly within the agricultural sector, where they serve as a cornerstone for building up China's strength in agriculture.This article asserts that the enhancement of total factor productivity(TFP)serves as a pivotal indicator of new quality productivity, providing a significant starting point for a deeper understanding of its essence.In the context of measuring agricultural TFP through the lens of new quality productivity, this article examines the traditional methods used to calculate agricultural TFP,such as Solow, data envelopment analysis, and stochastic frontier analysis, providing a concise overview of the primary limitations inherent in these systems.Building upon this foundation, the paper revamps the measurement framework for agricultural TFP.It achieves this by incorporating the varying coefficient model and the new growth accounting method, with an emphasis on technological innovation, agricultural characteristics, and multidimensional objectives.Moreover, the paper illustrates the practical application of this updated measurement system through an example involving agricultural digital technology.In terms of empirical research, this article systematically reviews existing literature from two perspectives: research paradigms and methodologies.On the one hand, it categorizes three primary research paradigms.On the other hand, it compares and contrasts the advantages, limitations, and application scenarios of two major methodologies: reduced-form model and structural-form model.Furthermore, this article provides a forward-looking perspective on the measurement research and empirical evaluation of future new quality agricultural productivity.

关 键 词：新质生产力 全要素生产率 农业生产函数 农业生产率 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]