农村专业技术协会农技服务:模式、机理与实践  

Agricultural Technology Services of Rural Professional Technical Associations:Models,Mechanisms and Practices

作　　者：万莹莹 王玉斌[1] 吴文俊 WAN Yingying;WANG Yubin;WU Wenjun

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]安徽省经济研究院,合肥230091

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2024年第4期121-131,共11页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：2021年中国科协项目“农技协与科技志愿服务调查研究”(编号:202107211111123);2021年中国科协人才工作理论研究和基层组织建设项目“农村专业技术协会组织建设发展状况研究”。

摘　　要：本文基于交易成本视角,结合全国97个典型案例资料数据的分析,构建农村专业技术协会开展农技服务的理论框架,以节本增效为目的将农村专业技术协会服务模式划分为搜寻成本节约模式、获得成本节约模式、谈判成本节约模式和组织成本节约模式四种类型。从参与主体、服务环节、服务成本、服务效益、区域差异等五重维度总结不同模式的特点及其适用性。研究发现:前三种模式主要服务于农业发展单个或多个环节,是“被动”的技术服务;组织成本节约模式通过有效配置要素资源和整合市场主体,打造农业全产业链、创造新业态,更加适应于农业现代化发展需求,是“主动”的技术服务。另外,前三种模式适用和推广难度虽然较低,但其在效率和效益方面的表现不如组织成本节约模式,各地农村专业技术协会要因地制宜,合理采用相应农技服务模式。From the perspective of transaction costs, combined with the analysis of 97 typical case data across the country, this paper constructs a theoretical framework for rural professional and technical associations to carry out voluntary service.From the perspective of cost-saving and efficiency, the paper divides the voluntary service model of rural professional and technical associations into four types: search cost-saving model, acquisition cost-saving model, negotiation cost-saving model and organization cost-saving model.The paper summarizes the characteristics and applicability of different modes from the five dimensions of participants, service links, service costs service benefits, and regional differences.The study finds that the first three models mainly serve single or multiple links of agricultural development, and are “passive” technical services. The organizational cost saving model is an “active” technical service, which is more suitable for the development of agricultural modernization through effective allocation of factor resources and integration of market entities, building the entire agricultural industrial chain and creating new business forms.In addition, the first three models are less difficult to apply and promote, but their efficiency and benefit are not as good as the cost-saving model.Local rural professional and technical associations should adapt to local conditions and adopt appropriate models.

关 键 词：农村专业技术协会 农业社会化服务 交易成本 农技服务 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]