论杜甫退朝后的曲江饮酒诗及其醉中史笔  

On DU Fu’s Drinking Poems in Qujiang and His History of Being Drunken after His Retirement from the Court

作　　者：傅绍良 FU Shao-liang

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,西安710062

出　　处：《求是学刊》2024年第2期138-147,共10页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“唐人朝事诗与唐代政治生态研究”(18AZDW007)。

摘　　要：杜甫长安为官期间因被疏远而内心苦闷,退朝之后常在曲江饮酒,写下了许多醉饮的诗歌。其中《曲江二首》中的“朝回日日典春衣”“苑边高冢卧麒麟”“人生七十古来稀”等诗句,是杜甫生平少有的狂言醉语,因而也形成了杜甫诗风的别调。然而,“朝回日日典春衣”并非实写,是杜甫“懒朝”情感的夸张表达;“苑边高冢卧麒麟”是基于汉武帝故事而对玄宗皇帝晚年处境的悲叹;“人生七十古来稀”则是表达自己不能做到“从心所欲而不逾矩”的无奈。杜甫的狂态虚中有实,醉中有真,形象地再现了唐王朝的盛衰之变对其人生的影响。虽为杜诗之别调,实为杜甫独特的诗史笔法。During DU Fu’s tenure as an official in Chang’an,he suffered inner distress due to being estranged.After retiring from the court,he often drank in Qujiang,and wrote many drunken poems.Among them,the“Two Qujiang poems”,such as“back from the court from day to day,I pawn spring gown”,“before the tomb the stone animals lie at rest”,and“It’s rare to live to seventy since olden day”,etc,are DU Fu’s rare wild and drunken words in his life.As a result,it also formed a unique style of drunkenness in DU Fu’s poetry.However,“back from the court from day to day,I pawn spring gown”,but exaggerated expression of DU Fu’s emotion of“too lazy for attending to the court”.“Before the tomb the stone animals lie at rest”is a lamen-tation of Emperor Xuanzong in his later years based on the story of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.“It’s rare to live to seventy since olden day”expresses the helplessness of not being able to“follow the dictates of his own heart;for what he desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right”.His crazy state of drunkenness is reflected in the virtual reality,in drunkenness with truth,which figuratively reproduces the influence of the Tang Dynasty’s prosperity and decline on his life.Although it is a different tone of DU Poetry,it is actually DU Fu’s writing style in the history of poetry.

关 键 词：杜甫 《曲江二首》 饮酒诗 诗史笔法 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K242[历史地理—历史学]