清代前期经略西藏与川藏道上的将军信仰  

Governance of Tibet and Belief for Generals on the Sichuan-Tibet Route intheEarly QingDynasty

作　　者：邹立波[1] Zou Libo

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国藏学研究所,成都市610064

出　　处：《民族研究》2024年第1期105-118,M0005,共15页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项“历史上的西南少数民族政权与国家整合研究”(项目编号:LSYZD21010)的阶段性研究成果;中央四部委批准设立的“四川大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地”专项研究成果。

摘　　要：延续前代奉祀武将为神的信仰文化传统,清初以来川藏道上的将军信仰及其传说故事不断发展,向西传入青藏高原。这一进程反映出川、滇等直省在清代前期经略西藏过程中的地缘政治关系。清代的将军信仰活动与川藏道上的政治事件、自然地理、边茶贸易、官祀行为息息相关,也是兼纳藏文化、汉文化的信仰共享与不同身份奉祀群体社会互动关系的集中体现。汉藏文化交融研究不应简单地将汉文化视为一个整体,应当注意到内地不同地域人群传播汉文化的路径差异及其对青藏高原的各自影响。而道路“将中国整合为一个整体”是一个相当复杂、综合的历史过程,需要努力呈现并拓宽道路整合中国历史脉络的研究面向。Since the early Qing Dynasty,the belief for generals and their legendary stories continued on the Sichuan-Tibet Route and developed the tradition of worshiping generals as gods in the previous dynasties,which spread westward to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,reflecting the geopolitical relations of Sichuan,Yunnan and other provinces during the governance of Tibet.The activities of believing in generals were closely related to political events,natural geography,tea trade and official sacrifice,and also embodied the beliefs shared by Tibetan culture and Han culture and the social interactions between different sacrificial groups.The study of Sino-Tibetan cultural integration should not simply regard the Chinese culture as an entity,but pay attention to the differences in the paths of spreading the Chinese culture by the people from different inland regions and their respective influences on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The path of"integrating China into a unified entity"is a rather complex and comprehensive historical process,and efforts should be made to present and broaden the research orientation of path integration in Chinese history.

关 键 词：清代前期 西藏治理 川藏道 将军信仰 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]