北京地区犬猫尿源奇异变形杆菌耐药性及生物被膜形成能力分析  

Analysis of Drug Resistance and Biofilm Formation Ability of Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Canine and Feline Urine in Beijing

作　　者：陈玉娟 黄克斌 于咏兰[1] CHEN Yujuan;HUANG Kebin;YU Yonglan(National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety,College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院,兽医公共卫生安全全国重点实验室,北京海淀100193

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第5期39-45,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：中农动物医院人才基金(1051-2222005)。

摘　　要：为调查北京地区犬猫尿源奇异变形杆菌对临床常用抗菌药的耐药现状,并分析其对β-内酰胺类药物的主要耐药机制,本试验于2018—2019年采集北京地区16只犬和13只猫的符合菌尿标准的尿液样本,以及264株犬源和152株猫源尿液中未鉴定细菌分离株;分离鉴定奇异变形杆菌,检测其对临床常用的12种抗菌药的耐药性,并分析奇异变形杆菌携带β-内酰胺酶的情况和生物被膜形成能力。结果显示,共分离获得44株犬源(15.7%)和5株猫源(3.0%)奇异变形杆菌。奇异变形杆菌分离株对阿奇霉素和多西环素耐药率均为98.0%,对β-内酰胺类药物耐药率为6.1%~73.5%,多重耐药率为79.6%。28株分离株携带超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs),阳性率为57.1%,主要基因型为bla TEM型、bla CTX-M-9型和bla OXA-1型;1株分离株携带头孢菌素酶(AmpC),基因型为bla CMY-2型。产ESBLs菌株对氨苄西林、氯霉素、头孢吡肟、头孢曲松和庆大霉素的耐药率显著高于非产ESBLs菌株的耐药率(P<0.05)。奇异变形杆菌分离株形成生物被膜阳性率为100%,其生物被膜形成能力强度与所选抗菌药的耐药性无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结果表明,北京地区犬猫尿源奇异变形杆菌耐药情况严重,携带ESBLs阳性率较高,形成生物被膜阳性率达100%,临床用药时可选择耐药率较低的阿莫西林克拉维酸进行治疗。To investigate the drug resistance status of Proteus mirabilis(P.mirabilis)isolated from canine and feline urine in Beijing,and analyze the main resistance mechanisms againstβ-lactam antibiotics,this study collected 16 canine and 13 feline urine samples meeting bacteriuria criteria from 2018 to 2019,along with 264 canine and 152 feline urine samples with unidentified bacterial isolates.P.mirabilis were isolated and identified,and their resistance to 12 commonly used antimicrobial drugs was tested.Additionally,the presence ofβ-lactamases and biofilm formation ability in P.mirabilis isolates were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 44 canine(15.7%)and 5 feline(3.0%)isolates were identified as P.mirabilis.The resistance rates of P.mirabilis isolates to azithromycin and doxycycline were 98.0%,while the resistance rates toβ-lactam antibiotics ranged from 6.1%to 73.5%,and the multi-drug resistance rate was 79.6%.Among the isolates,28 carried extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)with a positivity rate of 57.1%,mainly represented by bla TEM,bla CTX-M-9,and bla OXA-1 genotypes,while 1 isolate carried AmpCβ-lactamase(bla CMY-2 genotype).ESBLs-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to ampicillin,chloramphenicol,cefepime,ceftriaxone,and gentamicin compared to non-ESBLs-producing strains(P<0.05).The biofilm formation rate of P.mirabilis isolates was 100%,and there was no significant correlation between the biofilm formation intensity and drug resistance(P>0.05).These findings indicate that P.mirabilis strains isolated from canine and feline urine in Beijing exhibit severe drug resistance,high ESBLs carriage rate,and 100%biofilm formation rate.For clinical treatment,amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with low resistance rates can be considered.

关 键 词：奇异变形杆菌 尿源 犬 猫 耐药性 Β-内酰胺酶 生物被膜形成 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]