中国北方玉米产区玉米大斑病菌交配型组成及其分布分析  

Analysis of Mating Type Composition and Distribution of Setosphaeria turcica in Northern Maize Producting Areas of China

作　　者：王超红 张璐 郭正宇 阎晓光 刘欣芳[4] 刘宁[1] 曹志艳[1] 董金皋[1] WANG Chao-Hong;ZHANG Lu;GUO Zheng-Yu;YAN Xiao-Guang;LIU Xin-Fang;LIU Ning;CAO Zhi-Yan;DONG Jin-Gao(College of Plant Protection/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop lmprovement and Regulation,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Institute of Corn Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Xinzhou 034000,China;Institute of Millet Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Changzhi 046011,China;Corn Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110065,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,保定071000 [2]山西农业大学玉米研究所,忻州034000 [3]山西农业大学谷子研究所,长治046011 [4]辽宁省农业科学院玉米研究所,沈阳110065

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第5期1141-1149,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02)。

摘　　要：玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica)可危害玉米(Zea mays)叶片、叶鞘和苞叶等,导致玉米产量降低和品质下降,进而造成严重的经济损失,玉米大斑病已成为我国玉米上最重要的真菌病害之一。玉米大斑病菌有3种交配类型(mating type,MAT),分为仅含StMAT1-1基因的A交配型、仅含StMAT1-2基因的a交配型和同时含有2个基因的Aa交配型。在我国,玉米大斑病菌交配型组成及分布在年度和地域间存在明显差异,导致病菌遗传变异频繁。为明确中国北方玉米产区不同年份该病菌交配型组成及其分布,本研究利用玉米大斑病菌交配型鉴定特异引物对2018~2022年间采自中国陕西、山西、河南、河北、甘肃、黑龙江、宁夏、内蒙古、辽宁、吉林10个省份(自治区)的365株玉米大斑病菌进行交配型测定。结果显示A交配型菌株61株、a交配型菌株224株和Aa两性交配型菌株80株,分离频率分别为16.71%、61.37%和21.92%,说明a交配型为我国北方玉米产区的主要交配型;不同年份间玉米大斑病菌群体交配型的出现频率差异不大,a交配型在2018、2019、2020、2021、2022年的分离频率分别为61.73%、72.50%、55.74%、58.65%和63.29%,均为优势交配型。不同地区玉米大斑病菌交配型组成存在差异,在黑龙江省未分离到A交配型菌株,其余9个省份(自治区)均有A、a和Aa 3种交配类型的分布,但各地区间不同交配型菌株的分布频率存在差异,a交配型的菌株在黑龙江省出现频率最高,为87.50%,A交配型的菌株在陕西省出现频率最高,为26.67%,Aa交配型的菌株在内蒙古和吉林省出现频率最高,均为33.33%,表明玉米大斑病菌群体交配型存在多样性。本研究进一步阐明了中国北方玉米产区大斑病菌交配型组成与分布情况,为病菌变异趋势分析及有效防治提供了借鉴。Setosphaeria turcica can harm the leaves,leaf sheaths and bracts of maize(Zea mays),resulting in the decrease of maize yield and quality,thus causing serious economic losses.Northern corn leaf blight has become one of the most important fungal diseases on maize in China.There were 3 mating types(MAT)in S.turcica,namely A mating type containing only StMAT1-1 gene,a mating type containing only StMAT1-2 gene,and Aa mating type containing both genes simultaneously.In China,there were significant differences in the composition and distribution of mating types of S.turcica in China between years and regions,leading to frequent genetic variations of the pathogens.To clarify the composition and distribution of mating types of the pathogen in different years of maize production areas in northern China,in this study,mating type identification specific primers of S.turcica were used to determine the mating type of 365 isolates collected from 10 provinces(autonomous regions)of Shaanxi,Shanxi,Henan,Hebei,Gansu,Heilongjiang,Ningxia,Inner Mongolia,Liaoning and Jilin in China from 2018 to 2022.The results showed that a total of 61 isolates of type A,224 isolates of type a,and 80 isolates of type Aa were detected from 365 isolates of S.turcica,with isolation frequencies of 16.71%,61.37%,and 21.92%,respectively,indicating that a mating type was the main mating type in North China.There were little differences in the frequency of mating types in S.turcica populations between different years.The isolation frequencies of mating type a in 2018,2019,2020,2021,and 2022 was 61.73%,72.50%,55.74%,58.65%,and 63.29%,respectively.There were differences in the composition of mating types of S.turcica in different regions.No A mating type isolate was isolated in Heilongjiang Province,while the distribution of A,a,and Aa mating types,were found in the remaining 9 provinces(autonomous regions).However,there were differences in the distribution frequency of different mating type isolates among regions.The frequency of a mating type isolates was th

关 键 词：玉米大斑病菌 交配型(MAT) 分布 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]