论詹姆斯·韦尔奇《愚弄鸦族》中的“文明等级论”逆写  

Approaching the“Hierarchy of Civilization”in James Welch’s Fools Crow

作　　者：邱清 Qiu Qing(the School of Foreign Language Studies,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,China,510515)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2024年第1期20-27,共8页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：广东省哲学社科规划项目“詹姆斯·韦尔奇作品中的历史书写研究”(GD20CWW03);教育部人文社科青年基金项目(23YJC752016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“文明等级论”是指将各民族文明的共时性差异区分为不同的历时性发展等级,强调西方文明的主导地位,以建立西方为中心的统治秩序的学说。美国印第安作家詹姆斯·韦尔奇在《愚弄鸦族》中从文学介入历史,通过语言杂糅、史诗英雄改写、混杂情节编织的书写策略,解构“文明等级论”在美国西进运动中的进步内涵。小说采取文化相对主义的立场,重审印第安土地观、生态观、集体观的思想价值,呈现印第安文明和西方文明之间的本质差异,否定“文明等级论”隐含的同一性思想,以此召唤多元文明平等互鉴、互融共生的新认知。The“hierarchy of civilization”refers to a discourse that ignores diachronic differences of civilization among nations and ranks them on the basis of their synchronic development.It privileges Western civilization,upholding a Western-dominated order.In his historical novel Fools Crow,James Welch deconstructs the progressive connotations of the“hierarchy of civilization”in American westward movement by means of linguistic hybridity,adaptation of epic hero stories,and mixed emplotment.From the perspective of cultural relativism,Welch reevaluates the Native American philosophy of land,ecology,and collectivism and probes into the fundamental differences between Native American civilization and Western civilization,so as to oppose totalitarianism and advocate a new perception of equality,mutual learning,reciprocity,and coexistence among different civilizations.

关 键 词：詹姆斯·韦尔奇 《愚弄鸦族》 文明等级论 历史小说 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]