中南半岛及其毗邻国家边境农用地/建设用地扩张所致森林扰动过程  

Forest disturbance process caused by the expansion of agricultural and construction lands in the border zones of Mainland Southeast Asian countries and their neighbors

作　　者：陈生媚 李鹏[2,3] 封志明 施冬[1] CHEN Shengmei;LI Peng;FENG Zhiming;SHI Dong(School of Geosciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球科学学院,武汉430100 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2024年第4期741-754,共14页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42371282,42130508)。

摘　　要：全球特别是热带国家间地缘合作驱动着边境森林转换等土地利用变化。相较热带特定森林类型扰动,边境森林干扰及其对国家间地缘合作响应机制等研究明显滞后。中南半岛与其毗邻乃至域外大国地缘合作和博弈已逾30年,2020、2021年新冠疫情在迟滞地缘合作与边境发展之余是否对边境森林扰动施加影响?论文利用2017—2021年Sentinel-210 m土地覆被产品,基于森林转换流向与核密度等方法,从农用地扩张与建设用地扩展评估了中南半岛及其邻国边境森林扰动过程与特征。结果表明:①森林是半岛13条边境地带基质覆被类型,耕草地次之,建设用地在口岸占据优势。②森林干扰是边境土地覆被与景观变化主导形式,面积占近50%,耕地、草地变化所致农用地扩张与建设用地扩展贡献比为9∶1。③农用地扩张与口岸建设用地扩展分别是边境森林扰动主要与次要驱动因素。前者所致森林扰动超7成,后者所致相应占比为3%且呈逐年上升态势,同时其对森林扰动直接和间接影响国别差异突出。④新冠疫情致使所有边境森林扰动减弱,柬埔寨居首位,柬埔寨—老挝边境最突出。边境两侧国家森林扰动减弱具有同步和异步影响特征。Geocooperation between neighboring countries globally facilitates forest conversion and land use change across border zones especially in the tropics.Compared with the disturbance of specific tropical forest types,research on border forest disturbance and its mechanism of response to geocooperation between countries still lags behind.Geoeconomic cooperation and competition among the countries of Mainland Southeast Asia(MSEA)and their neighbors(including Bangladesh,China,India,and Malaysia)as well as major extraterritorial powers have developed over three decades.However,the COVID-19 pandemic delayed geoeconomic cooperation and border development.A pressing question is whether the process of border forest disturbance was affected accordingly.With the Sentinel-210 m 2017-2021 land cover products,forest disturbance process in the 13 border zones between MSEA and their neighbors from two driving mechanisms of agricultural expansion and built-up area enlargement were examined using GIS spatial analysis,including forest conversion flow and kernel density.The main conclusions are:1)Forest is the dominant land cover type in all border zones of MSEA and their neighbors,followed by cropland and rangeland,and built-up area is critical in the surrounding areas of border ports.2)Forest disturbance represented the primary form of border land cover and landscape changes,with the area accounting for nearly 50%.Changes in cropland and rangeland have contributed to agricultural land expansion(90%)and built-up area growth(10%).3)Agricultural land expansion and built-up area enlargement of port areas were the principal and secondary driving mechanisms of border forest disturbance,respectively.The former contributed to over 70%,while the latter accounted for 3%of the changes,yet showing an increasing trend year by year and notable national differences in direct and indirect effects on border forest disturbance.4)The COVID-19 pandemic weakened forest disturbance in all border zones,particularly in Cambodia and its border with Laos,exh

关 键 词：边境土地利用 地缘经济合作 森林扰动 农进林退 建设用地扩展 新冠疫情 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]