不同复配叶面肥对北柴胡品质的影响  

Effects of different compound foliar fertilizers on the composition of Bupleurum chinense DC

作　　者：张迪 顾旭鹏 张韶珂 程爱国 何晓栋 杨林林 董诚明[1,2] ZHANG Di;GU Xu-peng;ZHANG Shao-ke;CHENG Ai-guo;HE Xiao-dong;YANG Lin-lin;DONG Chengming(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Authentic Medicinal Materials,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Taloph Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd,Luoyang 471400,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学药学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省道地药材生态种植工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450046 [3]河南省顺势药业有限公司,河南洛阳471400

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2024年第2期445-449,共5页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82104329);河洛青年人才托举工程(2022HLTJ2C07)。

摘　　要：目的筛选提升北柴胡品质的叶面肥配方,探讨北柴胡中柴胡皂苷在木质部与韧皮部的分布规律,为北柴胡科学施肥及合理采收提供理论参考。方法选用磷酸二氢钾、微量元素水溶肥和黄腐酸钾三种肥料,设计三因素三水平正交实验,应用HPLC测定北柴胡中柴胡皂苷A(Ss-a)、柴胡皂苷D(Ss-d)、柴胡皂苷C(Ss-c)、柴胡皂苷F(Ss-f)、总皂苷(Ss-s)的含量;运用Origin 2017、SPSS 25.0等对实验结果进行分析。结果当叶面肥配方为磷酸二氢钾50 g/亩+微量元素水溶肥15 g/亩+黄腐酸钾13 g/亩时,北柴胡中柴胡皂苷类成分的含量出现大幅度提升;各处理组皂苷类成分基本上在10月15日达到峰值,因此北柴胡最佳采收期在10月15日前后;韧皮部中5种柴胡皂苷类成分含量远高于木质部,随着时间推移木质部与韧皮部的干重占比逐渐趋向于1∶1。结论不同复配叶面肥能够明显提升北柴胡品质及产量,喷施叶面肥是改善中药材品质的有效手段,该研究为北柴胡合理水肥调控提供理论参考。Objective Screening of foliar fertilizer formulations to enhance the quality of Bupleurum chinense DC.,to investigate the distribution pattern of the Saikosaponin in the xylem and phloem of Bupleurum chinense DC.,and to provide theoretical reference for scientific fertilization and reasonable harvesting of Bupleurum chinense DC.Methods Three fertilizers,potassium dihydrogen phosphate,trace element water-soluble fertilizer and potassium fulvic acid were selected,A three-factor,three-level orthogonal experiment was designed to determine the contents of Saikosaponins A(Ss-a),D(Ss-d),C(Ss-c),F(Ss-f),and total Saikosaponins(Ss-s)in Bupleurum chinense DC.by HPLC;The experimental results were analyzed using Origin 2017,SPSS 25.0,etc.Results When the foliar fertilizer formulation was 50 g/acre of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+15 g/acre of trace element water-soluble fertilizer+13 g/acre of potassium fulvic acid,the content of Cyperus saponin-like components in Bupleurum chinense DC.showed a substantial increase;The Saikosaponins of all processing groups basically reached their peak on October 15,so the best harvesting period for Bupleurum chinense DC.is around October 15;The content of the five Saikosaponins in the phloem was much higher than that in the xylem,and the ratio of xylem to phloem in the stem gradually tended to 1:1 over time.Conclusion Different compounded foliar fertilizers can significantly improve the quality and yield of Bupleurum chinense DC.,Foliar fertilizer spraying is an effective means to improve the quality of Bupleurum chinense DC.,and this study provides a theoretical reference for the reasonable water and fertilizer regulation of Bupleurum chinense DC.

关 键 词：北柴胡 叶面肥 正交设计 HPLC 柴胡皂苷 

分 类 号：R567[医药卫生—呼吸系统]