从《本草纲目·百病主治药》探讨李时珍汗证诊疗特色  

Discussion on Characteristics of LI Shizhen’s Diagnosis and Treatment of Sweat Syndrome from Compendium of Materia Medica·Basic Remedy for All Diseases

作　　者：林艳华 吕鹏宇 相光鑫 宋咏梅 LIN Yanhua;LYU Pengyu;XIANG Guangxin;SONG Yongmei(Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Literature and Culture,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学中医文献与文化研究院,山东济南250355 [2]山东省中医药研究院附属医院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东中医药大学学报》2024年第3期291-294,共4页Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：2020年中医药古籍文献和特色技术传承专项项目(编号:GZY-KJS-2020-029)。

摘　　要：从“百病主治药”入手,探讨李时珍《本草纲目》诊治汗证的学术理论和用药特点。李时珍治疗汗证时,辨病与辨证相结合,将其分为气虚、血虚、风热、湿热四类,丰富了汗证的主治药,用法灵活。配伍精简,内治与外治相结合,所用扑粉、外敷等外治法,仍为现代临床常用。以血肉有情之品治疗虚证汗出,为汗证食疗提供了借鉴。此外,李时珍十分重视老人、小儿及产后妇人汗出的治疗。《本草纲目》中论治汗证内容丰富,特色鲜明,为现代临床汗证的治疗和特效药研发开拓了思路。Starting from the“basic remedy for all diseases”,this paper analyzed the academic theory and medication characteristics of LI Shizhen’s diagnosis and treatment of sweat syndrome.When treating sweat syndrome,LI Shizhen combined disease differentiation with syndrome differentiation,and divided it into four categories of syndrome:qi deficiency,blood deficiency,wind-heat and damp-heat.It enriched the basic remedies for sweat syndrome and the usage was flexible.The compatibility was simplified,and internal treatment was combined with external treatment.The external treatment methods such as powdering and external application were still commonly used in modern clinic.The treatment of deficiency syndrome of sweating by using animal medicine provided reference for the diet therapy of sweating syndrome.In addition,LI Shizhen attached great importance to the treatment of sweating in the elderly,children and postpartum women.The content of treating sweating syndrome in Compendium of Materia Medica was rich and distinctive,which opened up new ideas for the treatment of sweating syndrome and the research and development of specific medicine in modern clinic.

关 键 词：《本草纲目》 李时珍 百病主治药 汗证 诸汗 产后汗出 小儿汗证 

分 类 号：R289.1[医药卫生—方剂学]