于都客家话复数标记的叠加  

Superposition of the Plural Markers in Yudu Hakka Dialect

作　　者：钟小勇[1] ZHONG Xiaoyong

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学人文学院,311121

出　　处：《汉语学报》2024年第2期91-99,共9页Chinese Linguistics

摘　　要：于都桥头话人称代词有三个复数标记“人”“各罗”“各”“人”置于第一人称代词单数“我”后构成包括式复数形式“我人”。“各罗/各”可置于“我人”后,构成复数标记叠加形式“我人各罗/各”,其为包括式的,产生机制主要是感染错合,类推也可能有影响。复数标记叠加现象主要报告于山西诸方言,也见于一些客家方言,桥头话复数标记叠加现象是包括式和排除式复数标记的叠加,因而具有独特性。桥头话复数标记“人”可能由近代汉语中“吾人”的“人”重新分析而来,“各罗”“各”则可能分别由处所指示代词“该啦”“该”演变而来。There are three plural markers in Qiaotou Hakka dialect,i.e.nin,kolo and ko.Nin can be put after the first personal pronoun nai to form the inclusive plural form ainin,and kolo or ko can be placed after painin to form the inclusive plural form of superposed plural markers(SPM)ainin kolo or painin ko,which may be mainly generated by contamination or possibly be influenced by analogy.SPM is reported mainly in many Shanxi dialects and some Hakka dialects.SPM of Qiaotou Hakka dialect is featured of superposition of inclusive and exclusive plural markers.The plural marker nin may be the result of reanalysis of ren in wuren in late Old Mandarin,while kolo and ko may have evolved from the locative demonstrative pronouns kaila and kai respectively.

关 键 词：客家方言 复数标记叠加 包括式 排除式 

分 类 号：H176[语言文字—汉语]