可降解锌基合金在骨缺损修复重建中的应用及研究热点和不足  

Application,research hotspots,and shortcomings of degradable zinc-based alloys in bone defect repair and reconstruction

作　　者：刘浩洋 谢强 沈梦然 任岩松 马金辉[4] 王佰亮[4] 岳德波[4] 王卫国[4] Liu Haoyang;Xie Qiang;Shen Mengran;Ren Yansong;Ma Jinhui;Wang Bailiang;Yue Debo;Wang Weiguo(China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine,Peking University,Beijing 100029,China;Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Health Science Center of Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Orthopedic Surgery,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中日友好临床医学院,北京市100029 [2]重庆医科大学,重庆市400016 [3]北京大学医学部,北京市100191 [4]中日友好医院骨科·关节外科,北京市100029

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第4期839-845,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：首都医科大学教育教学改革研究课题(2023JYY388),项目负责人:马金辉;中央高水平医院临床科研业务费,中日友好医院“菁英计划”人才培育工程项目(ZRJY2021-TD01),项目负责人:王佰亮;国家自然科学基金面上项目(52373273),项目负责人:王佰亮。

摘　　要：背景:锌基合金医用植入材料有优异的力学性能、完全可降解性、良好的生物相容性,主要用于骨科植入物、心血管支架、胆管支架、气管支架、神经导管等。目的:综述可降解锌基合金应用于骨缺损修复的研究进展,展望锌基材料可期研究方向与成果。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方及中国知网数据库,选择各数据库建库至2023年6月收录的各类可降解锌基合金用于骨植入材料研究的相关文献,对生物可降解锌基合金的基本特性进行概述,对锌基合金促进骨组织修复作用进行梳理和归纳总结,讨论当前的研究热点与不足。结果与结论:①锌基合金具备良好的生物相容性,以锌基合金为基体材料,借助支架结构构建技术和涂层优化工艺将有效提高锌基合金的骨传导性,并且使其降解产物具备高效骨诱导性,以调控成骨、破骨细胞的基因表达,促进骨缺损后的修复重建;②然而在锌基合金优化的研究中,涂层工艺相对不足,增材负载技术尚缺乏;③锌基合金拥有良好的机械、生物特性,通过特殊工艺可增加材料的骨传导性、骨诱导性以有效提高其促进骨修复重建能力,并有望进一步实现个性化移植材料的研发。优化涂层与增材负载等技术融合于锌基合金的研究有待进一步探讨。BACKGROUND:Zinc-based alloy medical implant materials have excellent mechanical properties,complete degradability and good biocompatibility,and are mainly used in orthopedic implants,cardiovascular stents,bile duct stents,tracheal stents,nerve catheters,etc.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of biodegradable zinc-based alloys in bone defect repair and prospect the promising research direction and achievements of zinc-based materials.METHODS:After searching PubMed,Web of Science,WanFang Data,and CNKI databases from the establishment of the database to June 2023,various relevant articles on biodegradable zinc-based alloys for bone implant material research were collected.The basic characteristics of biodegradable zinc based alloys were summarized,and the role of zinc-based alloys in promoting bone tissue repair was sorted and summarized.The current research hotspots and shortcomings were discussed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Zinc-based alloys have good biocompatibility.Using zinc-based alloys as the matrix material,with the help of scaffold structure construction technology and coating optimization process,the bone conductivity of zinc-based alloys will be effectively improved,and their degradation products will have efficient bone induction to regulate the gene expression of osteoblasts and osteoclasts,thereby promoting the repair and reconstruction of bone defects.(2)However,in the research on optimizing zinc-based alloys,the coating process is relatively insufficient,and additive loading technology is still lacking.(3)Zinc-based alloys have excellent mechanical and biological properties.Through special processes,their bone conductivity and osteoinductivity can be increased to effectively improve their ability to promote bone repair and reconstruction,and it is expected to further achieve the development of personalized transplant materials.Further research and development are needed to optimize the integration of coating and additive loading technologies into zinc-based alloys.

关 键 词：锌基合金 生物可降解材料 骨移植 骨缺损 骨再生 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1