导流兼泄洪冲沙洞消力池体型优化及河床冲刷研究  

Study on the of the Body Shape Optimization of the Stilling Pool and the Scour of River Bed in the Diversion and Discharge Tunnel

作　　者：梁朋林 金瑾[1,2] 祁明洋 马勇勇 王淑娟 LIANG Peng-lin;JIN Jin;QI Ming-yang;MA Yong-yong;WANG Shu-juan(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xingjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Cold and Arid Regions Eco-Hydraulic Engineering of Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps,Shihezi 832000,Xingjiang,China;Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Co.Ltd,Kuerle 841000,Xingjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]寒旱区生态水利工程兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [3]巴音郭楞蒙古自治州水利水电勘测设计有限责任公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第5期53-60,69,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：兵团科技创新人才计划项目(2022CB002-05);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动项目(RCZK202025)。

摘　　要：导流兼泄洪冲沙洞中消力池经常存在水跃波动范围不稳定、水流跃出边墙等问题。为获得良好的消能防冲效果,通过数值模拟与物理模型试验相结合的方法,对导流兼泄洪冲沙洞泄洪过程的流体运动进行研究,获得流场水力性能参数以及下游河床冲刷情况,分析不同方案对消力池水力特性的影响并进行物理试验验证。结果显示:消力池末端在增设矩形尾坎后水流流态得到改善;同时池内进出口流速降幅最大为7.66 m/s,而压强分布均匀、无负压产生,且消能率达到80.60%。在设计和校核工况下,增设矩形尾坎后河床冲坑范围相较于原方案分别减少12.20 m和13.30 m,其最大冲坑深度分别较原方案减少0.48 m和1.00 m,对下游防护效果明显。研究表明:所设的体型优化方案均能有效的提高消力池的消能效果,在增设矩形尾坎后流场分布均匀且减轻下游河床冲刷的效果最佳。该研究成果可为导流兼泄洪冲沙工程提供参考。In the stilling pool of the spillway and flushing tunnel,there are often problems such as unstable fluctuation range of hydraulic jump and even overtopping the side wall.In order to obtain a good energy dissipation and erosion prevention effect of the stilling pool,the fluid movement during the flood discharge process of the spillway and flushing tunnel was studied through a combination of numerical simulation and physical model testing,which was beneficial for gaining hydraulic dynamics of the flow field and the downstream riverbed erosion conditions.The hydraulic characteristics of water flow under different stilling pool body shape optimization schemes were analyzed,and those schemes were verified by physical experiments.The results show that the flow pattern is more stable under adding a rectangular tailgate at the stilling pool,the water surface fluctuation is reduced.At the same time,the maximum decrease of inlet and outlet velocity in the stilling pool is 7.66 m/s.The pressure distribution is uniform,no negative pressure is generated,and the energy dissipation rate reaches 80.60%.After the addition of the rectangular tailgate,the riverbed scour pit range of the design and verification conditions are reduced by 12.20 m and 13.30 m compared with the original scheme,and it’s maximum scour pit depth are reduced by 0.48 m and 1.00 m compared with the original scheme,respectively.The decrease of the riverbed scour pit range and the maximum scour pit depth shows that the addition of rectangular tailgate has obvious protective effect on the downstream.The research shows that the stilling pool body shape optimization scheme can effectively improve its energy dissipation.The flow field distribution of the optimized stilling pool body shape is uniform,which have great protection on the downstream river bed.The research results can provide reference for diversion and flood discharge and sand flushing projects.

关 键 词：数值模拟 水力特性 消力池 模型试验 下游河床 

分 类 号：TV131.61[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]