双吸离心泵吸水室隔舌位置对空化性能影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Baffle Position on Cavitation Performance in Double-suction Centrifugal Pumps

作　　者：赵万勇[1] 于帅 胡炳彤 张宇翔 潘江龙 ZHAO Wan-yong;YU Shuai;HU Bing-tong;ZHANG Yu-xiang;PAN Jiang-long(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第5期70-77,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：甘肃省科技重点研发计划(20YF3GA019)。

摘　　要：双吸离心泵吸水室隔舌位置的不同,影响了叶轮进口的速度及压力分布,对泵空化性能具有重要影响。以一台单级双吸离心泵为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法研究分析隔舌位置分别位于与水平方向呈45°(原模型),90°,135°及-45°四种吸水室内部流动变化对空化性能的影响。结果表明:采用隔舌位于90°和135°的吸水室,吸水室出口附近低压区明显增大,出口与转速方向相反的圆周分速度范围逐渐增大,在叶轮进口水力损失逐渐增大,临界空化数逐渐上升,泵空化性能降低。采用隔舌位于-45°的吸水室,吸水室出口附近低压区明显减少,出口不再存在与转速方向相反的圆周分速度,在叶轮进口水力损失减小,小流量及额定工况下虽然临界空化数变化不大,但在空化各个阶段叶轮内空泡率及空化区域均有所降低,在大流量工况下临界空化数下降较为明显。综合比较之下隔舌-45°吸水室,具有较好的空化性能。为吸水室的设计提供一定参考。The position of the tongue plate in the suction chamber of a double-suction centrifugal pump affects the velocity and pressure distribution at the impeller inlet,which has a significant impact on the cavitation performance of the pump.Taking a single stage double-suction centrifugal pump as the research object,and numerical simulation was used to analyze the effects of different tongue plate positions(45°,90°,135°,and-45°)on the internal flow characteristics and cavitation performance.The results show that when the tongue plate is positioned at 90°and 135°,the low-pressure region near the outlet of the suction chamber enlarges significantly,and the circumferential velocity range opposing the impeller rotation direction gradually increases.This leads to increased hydraulic losses at the impeller inlet and higher critical cavitation numbers,resulting in decreased cavitation performance.When the tongue plate is positioned at-45°,the low-pressure region near the outlet reduces significantly,and there is no circumferential velocity opposing the impeller rotation direction.This leads to decreased hydraulic losses at the impeller inlet.Under low and rated flow conditions,the change in critical cavitation number is not significant,but the void fraction and cavitation region within the impeller are reduced at all stages of cavitation.Under high flow conditions,the critical cavitation number decreases more significantly.Overall,the tongue plate positioned at-45°exhibits better cavitation performance.This study provides reference for the design of suction chambers.

关 键 词：双吸泵 吸水室 隔舌 空化性能 

分 类 号：TH312[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]