大气污染物暴露对健康迁徙大学生肺功能和鼻腔炎症因子的影响  

Effects of air pollution on lung function and nasal inflammatory factors in healthy migrant college students

作　　者：方雪 张倩也 肖莎 薛萍 FANG Xue;ZHANG Qianye;XIAO Sha;XUE Ping(School of Public Health,Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang,Liaoning 110034,China;School of Public Health,Heinz Mehlhorn Academician Workstation,Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院公共卫生学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]海南医学院公共卫生与全健康国际学院Heinz Mehlhorn院士工作站,海南海口571199

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2024年第4期417-421,共5页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.82060603);辽宁省自然科学基金计划项目(No.20180551270);沈阳医学院科学研究基金(No.20191036);沈阳医学院科技发展基金(No.20201002)。

摘　　要：目的了解不同生源地学生肺功能及鼻腔炎性现况,探索大气污染物对健康大学生的肺功能及炎症因子水平可能存在的影响。方法采用自编问卷对253名在校健康大学生进行调查,内容包括个人基本信息、生源地及居住环境情况等,检测用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和呼气峰值流量(PEF),并依照生源地空气质量分别选取等级为优良的大学生60名,等级为差的大学生30名。分别于暑假前(2019年7月12日)和暑假后(2019年8月27日)检测鼻腔炎症因子IL-6和TNF-α水平,分析健康大学生肺功能的影响因素及短期差异大气污染物暴露后的鼻腔炎症因子水平。结果问卷调查单因素分析结果显示健康大学生的肺功能受城乡分布、生源地空气质量等影响。多因素分析结果发现,与城市健康大学生相比,乡镇学生FVC和FEV1分别升高0.346 L和0.322 L(P<0.05);生源地空气质量每下降一个等级,FEV1和PEF分别随之降低0.193 L和0.687 L/s(P<0.05);经过假期差异大气污染物暴露,生源地空气质量差的健康大学生鼻腔黏膜炎症因子TNF-α值高于空气质量优良的学生(P<0.05)。结论健康大学生肺功能受城乡分布、生源地的空气质量影响,短期大气污染物的差异暴露导致青年健康个体鼻腔炎症因子发生变化。Objective To understand the current situation of lung function and nasal inflammation of students from different places of origin,and to explore the possible relationship between air pollutants and lung function and inflammatory factors of healthy college students.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 253 healthy college students,including their basic personal information,the origin of students,and their living environment,then their lung functions were tested,including forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1),and peak expiratory flow(PEF).Furthermore,according to the air quality of the region of origin,60 students from areas with good air quality and 30 students from areas with poor air quality were selected.Nasal inflammatory factors(IL-6 and TNF-αlevels)were detected before(July 12,2019)and after summer vacation(August 27,2019)to analyze the impact factors on lung function in healthy college students and the level of nasal inflammatory markers after short-term differential exposure to air pollutants.Results The univariate analysis of the questionnaire survey showed that the lung function of healthy college students was influenced by urban-rural distribution,air quality of students'origin,and height.Multivariate analysis found that compared with urban healthy college students,the FVC and FEV1 of rural students increased by 0.346 L and 0.322 L respectively(P<0.05).In addition,for each decrease in the grade of air quality of students'origin,FEV1 and PEF decreased by 0.193 L and 0.687 L/s respectively(P<0.05).After differential exposure to air pollutants during the holiday,healthy college students from areas with poor air quality had higher levels of the nasal mucous membrane inflammatory marker TNF-αthan those from areas with good air quality(P<0.05).Conclusions The lung function of healthy college students is affected by urban-rural distribution and the air quality of their region of origin,and the short-term differential exposure to air pollutants leads to

关 键 词：肺功能 炎症因子 空气质量 健康大学生 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]