气门间隙对柴油机性能及排放的影响  

Effect of Valve Clearance on Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engines

作　　者：王艳锋 秦宗权[2] 杨蝶飞 Wang Yan-feng;Qin Zong-quan;Yang Die-fei(College of Mechanical Engineering and Transportation,Southwest Forestry University,Yunnan Kunming 650224;Kunming Yunnei Power Co.,Ltd,Yunnan Kunming 650501)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学机械与交通学院,云南昆明650224 [2]昆明云内动力股份有限公司,云南昆明650501

出　　处：《内燃机与配件》2024年第8期5-8,共4页Internal Combustion Engine & Parts

摘　　要：气门间隙是传统柴油发动机的关键参数,合理的气门间隙应兼顾发动机可靠性、性能及排放。通过发动机试验台架测试稳态工况的性能、排放,研究不同进、排气门间隙与发动机性能、排放的关系。试验结果表明,进气门间隙对性能、排放的影响较小,排气门间隙对发动机性能、排放的影响远大于进气门间隙的影响。排气门间隙对发动机充气效率影响明显,特别是高速大负荷,0.4mm间隙的充气效率较0.2mm间隙的充气效率提高了0.027;受气门间隙对充气效率的影响,排气门间隙对高速大负荷的排气温度影响大于其他区域,气门间隙使排气温度下降14.3℃;氮氧化合物排放与排气门间隙呈正相关,对中高速大负荷的氮氧影响大于其他区域;碳烟排放与排气门间隙总体呈负相关,对低速中负荷工况影响较大,气门间隙使烟度下降0.12FSN。Valve clearance is a key parameter of traditional diesel engines,and a reasonable valve clearance should take into account engine reliability,performance,and emissions.By testing the performance and emissions under steady-state operating conditions on an engine test bench,the relationship between different intake and exhaust valve clearances and engine performance and emissions is studied.The experimental results show that the impact of intake valve clearance on performance and emissions is relatively small,while the impact of exhaust valve clearance on engine performance and emissions is much greater than that of intake valve clearance.The exhaust valve clearance has a significant impact on the engine charge efficiency,especially at high speeds and heavy loads.The charge efficiency of a 0.4mm clearance is 0.027 higher than that of a 0.2mm clearance;Due to the influence of valve clearance on charge efficiency,the exhaust valve clearance has a greater impact on the exhaust temperature of high-speed and heavy loads than other areas.Valve clearance causes a 14.3℃decrease in exhaust temperature;The emission of nitrogen oxides is positively correlated with exhaust valve clearance,and its impact on nitrogen oxides at medium,high speeds,and high loads is greater than in other regions;Carbon smoke emissions are generally negatively correlated with exhaust valve clearance,which has a significant impact on low speed and medium load conditions.Valve clearance reduces smoke intensity by 0.12FSN.

关 键 词：柴油机 气门间隙 性能 排放 

分 类 号：TK42[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]