动态称重式果品分选机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of dynamic weighing type fruit sorting machine

作　　者：刘佳[1] 杨莉玲[1] 马文强[1] 祝兆帅 沈晓贺[1] LIU Jia;YANG Liling;MA Wenqiang;ZHU Zhaoshuai;SHEN Xiaohe(Agricultural Mechanization Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《食品与机械》2024年第4期84-89,共6页Food and Machinery

基　　金：自治区科技支疆项目(编号:2021E02046);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(编号:ZYYD2023B07)。

摘　　要：目的:解决中国鲜果人工分选准确率低、效率低、劳动强度大和生产成本高的问题。方法:基于果品质量分类法研制一款新型动态称重式果品分选机,该机具基于高精度称重单元采集的果品质量,然后经信号处理模块和PLC协同对采集的数据进行处理并控制起弹器,根据水果质量实现果品的分级。该机具可连续实现果品(直径≤126 mm)的上料、称重、分选作业。结果:当分选效率分别为18327,14400,10473个/h时,分选准确率平均值分别为95.31%,96.12%,97.13%,损伤率分别为1.09%,1.11%,1.15%;水果分选速度显著影响分选的准确率,对果品损伤率影响不明显。结论:该新型动态称重式果品分选机能够在保持分选准确率>95%的前提下有效提升果品分选的效率且对果品损伤较小。Objective:To solve the problems of low accuracy and low efficiency,high labor intensity and high production cost of fresh fruit manual sorting in China.Methods:A new dynamic weighing type fruit sorting machine was developed based on the fruit weight classification method.This machine operated by initially collecting the weight of fruit through a high-precision weighing unit.The data collected was then processed in conjunction with a signal processing module and a Programmable Logic Controller(PLC).The processed data controlled an actuator,specifically a launcher,to execute the sorting based on the fruit s weight.This machine was capable of continuously performing loading,weighing(diameter≤126 mm).Results:When the separation efficiency was 18327,14400,10473 PCS/h,the average separation accuracy was 95.31%,96.12%,97.13%,and the damage rate was 1.09%,1.11%,1.15%,respectively.Fruit sorting speed significantly affected the sorting accuracy,but had no significant effect on fruit damage rate.Conclusion:The new dynamic weighing type fruit sorting machine can effectively improve the efficiency of fruit sorting and reduce the damage to fruit under the premise of keeping the sorting accuracy>95%.

关 键 词：果品分选 动态称重 连续作业 杏子 

分 类 号：TS255.35[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]