基于装配式周转箱的甘薯气调贮藏环境仿真  

Simulation study of controlled atmosphere storage environment for sweet potatoes using modular turnover boxes

作　　者：胡汝生 刘寅[1] 孟照峰 张帆 吴飞骏 HU Rusheng;LIU Yin;MENG Zhaofeng;ZHANG Fan;WU Feijun(School of Energy and Environment,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 451191,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院能源与环境学院,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《食品与机械》2024年第4期136-147,共12页Food and Machinery

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(编号:221100320100);中原工学院专项资金项目(编号:K2022TD004,JD202304,GG202216)。

摘　　要：目的:减少果蔬盛装、运输及贮藏时的不利因素,以循环、绿色理念为前提设计出一种装配折叠式塑料周转箱。方法:将甘薯看作长旋转椭球体,以标准化周转箱盛装甘薯并对气调贮藏库进行建模,通过多孔介质模型、组分输运模型、局部非热平衡模型研究愈伤升温、愈伤后降温,以及贮藏阶段货物区的温度、湿度、速度、O 2体积分数、CO_(2)体积分数分布情况。结果:较佳的愈伤送风温度为40℃,所需时间为5.85 h;较佳的愈伤后降温送风速度为10 m/s,所需时间为8.47 h。送风速度(4.0~6.0 m/s)对O 2、CO_(2)体积分数分布影响不大;当送风速度为4.5 m/s时,贮藏效果较佳,与目标贮藏条件(12℃,90.00%RH)相比,偏差率依次为1.24%,0.48%。甘薯呼吸热的产生使得货物区内部温度达到目标愈伤温度所需的时间较短,达到目标贮藏温度所需的时间较长,相较于导热,对流换热占主导作用,造成贮藏过程中货物区内部温度与外部温度变化存在滞后。增大送风温度、送风速度分别有利于缩短达到目标愈伤、贮藏温度所需的时间,货物区贮藏甘薯的物理性质以及贮藏量决定了后续升温、降温过程。结论:货物区表面速度场与相对湿度场分布关联性较小,温度场与相对湿度场呈负相关且分布状态相似。送风速度可以改变货物区箱体内部的流体流向,送风速度大小以及箱体内流体流向对货物区内部温度分布影响较大。Objective:To mitigate unfavorable factors during the packing,transportation,and storage of fruits and vegetables,a foldable,preassembled turnover box was designed based on the premise of recycling.Methods:Standardized boxes were used to hold sweet potatoes,which were considered long rotating ellipsoids,and the storage environment was modeled.A porous medium model,a species transport model,and a local non-thermal equilibrium model were used to study the temperature,humidity,speed,O 2 volume fraction,and CO_(2)volume fraction distributions in the cargo area during the curing warming,post-curing cooling,and storage stages.Results:40℃was the optimum curing air supply temperature,and the time required was 5.85 h.10 m/s was the optimum post-curing cooling air supply speed,and the time required was 8.47 h.The air supply velocity(4.0~6.0 m/s)had little effect on the distribution of O 2 and CO_(2)volume fractions.When the air supply velocity was 4.5 m/s,the storage effect was the optimal,with deviation rates of 1.24%and 0.48%compared to the target storage conditions(12℃,90.00%RH).The generation of respiratory heat in sweet potatoes leaded to a shorter time for the internal temperature of the cargo area to reach the target curing temperature,while requiring a longer time to reach the target storage temperature.Compared to thermal conduction,convective heat transfer played a dominant role,resulting in a lag in temperature change between the internal and external temperatures of the cargo area during the storage process.Increasing the temperature and air supply velocity facilitated a faster attainment of the desired curing and storage temperatures.The physical characteristics and storage volume of sweet potatoes within the cargo area determined the subsequent warming and cooling processes.Conclusion:The velocity field on the surface of the cargo area exhibits a weak correlation with the distribution of RH,whereas the temperature field demonstrates a negative correlation with the RH field and exhibits a similar distributi

关 键 词：甘薯 周转箱 多孔介质 不均匀系数 数值模拟 贮藏 

分 类 号：TS215[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]