氨浸工艺从废旧锂电池中选择性回收有价金属  

Selective Recovery of Value Metals from Spent Lithium Batteries by Ammonia Leaching Process

作　　者：姚瞬雨 丁威[1,2] 柯昌均 钟月娴 包申旭 侯晓川[4] 许开华 YAO Shunyu;DING Wei;KE Changjun;ZHONG Yuexian;BAO Shenxu;HOU Xiaochuan;XU Kaihua(Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Shaoxing Institute for Advanced Research,Wuhan University of Technology,Shaoxing 312000,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang New Era Zhongneng Recycling Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing 312000,Zhejiang,China;GEM Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学关键非金属矿产资源绿色利用教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学绍兴高等研究院,浙江绍兴312000 [4]浙江新时代中能循环科技有限公司,浙江绍兴312000 [5]格林美股份有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第6期14-22,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2022C03061);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074204);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210497330)。

摘　　要：研究了碳酸氢铵-还原剂体系选择性浸出废旧三元锂电池中锂、镍、钴的过程。考察了浸出温度、碳酸氢铵浓度、还原剂的种类和浓度、固液比及浸出时间等对有价金属浸出率的影响,并通过XRD、SEM-EDS和FT-IR等表征方法对选择性浸出机理进行了初步探明。结果表明:在浸出温度80℃、浸出时间2.5 h、碳酸氢铵浓度2.5 mol/L、固液比50 g/L、还原剂亚硫酸钠浓度0.6 mol/L的条件下,锂、镍、钴的浸出率分别为96.86%、96.36%、93.43%,而锰几乎不被浸出。碳酸氢铵-亚硫酸钠还原浸出体系可以实现从废旧三元锂电池材料中高效、选择性回收锂、镍和钴。The selective leaching process of lithium,nickel,and cobalt from spent ternary lithium batteries by ammonium bicarbonate-reductant system was studied.The effects of leaching temperature,concentration of ammonium bicarbonate,type and concentration of reductant,solid-to-liquid ratio,and leaching time on leaching rate of valuable metals were investigated.The selective leaching mechanism was investigated by XRD,SEM-EDS and FT-IR characterization methods.The results show that the leaching rate of Li,Ni,and Co is 96.86%,96.36%and 93.43%,respectively,while manganese is almost never leached under the conditions including leaching temperature of 80℃,leaching time of 2.5 h,ammonium bicarbonate concentration of 2.5 mol/L,solid-liquid ratio of 50 g/L,and reductant sodium sulfite concentration of 0.6 mol L.The ammonium bicarbonate-ammonium sulfite reduction system can achieve efficient and selective recovery of lithium,nickel and cobalt from waste ternary lithium battery materials.

关 键 词：废旧三元锂电池 氨浸 有价金属 回收 锂 镍 钴 

分 类 号：TF811.31[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]