鸭绿江下游3种经济鱼类生长特征及种群参数估算  

Estimation of growth characteristics and population parameters of three economic fish species in the lower reaches of the Yalu River

作　　者：兰婷 严林 王悦晗 韩雨哲 Lan Ting;Yan Lin;Wang Yuehan;Han Yuzhe(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning Province,China;Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Liaoning Province,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学辽宁省北方鱼类应用生物学与增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2024年第2期63-70,共8页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：丹东临港集团有限公司增殖放流效果评估(无编号);农业财政专项“东北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查”(无编号)。

摘　　要：鱼类的生长特性不仅能反映其生长及生存状况,也能在一定程度上反映其生活环境的质量及生活史情况。本研究于2020年11月—2021年10月在鸭绿江下游捕获3种鱼类(唇[鱼骨]Hemibarbus labeo、瓦氏雅罗鱼Leuciscuswaleckii和拉氏鱥Phoxinuslagowskii),分析生物学参数与生长特性,通过FiSATⅡ软件估算其死亡系数与开发率。结果显示:唇[鱼骨]、瓦氏雅罗鱼与拉氏鱥的优势年龄组成分别为1 a、1 a~2 a、1 a;b值均近似于3(P>0.05),为匀速生长类型;生长系数K均大于0.2,为快速生长型;生长性能指数φ′在4.46~5.00之间;唇[鱼骨]、瓦氏雅罗鱼与拉氏鱥的拐点年龄分别为2.33 a、1.95 a与1.05 a,相应拐点体长分别为318.52 mm、255.67 mm与115.52 mm。3种鱼类的开发率E均大于E_(max),表明其处于过度开发状态,应限制捕捞。唇[鱼骨]、瓦氏雅罗鱼与拉氏鱥的最佳起捕体长应为319 mm、256 mm与116 mm。调查研究水域应通过增殖放流、调整增殖放流鱼类数量措施,保持资源量,适当增加唇?、瓦氏雅罗鱼与拉氏鱥的资源量,促进资源利用及可持续开发状态。The growth characteristics of fish not only reflect their growth and survival,but also to some extent the quality of their living environment and life history.In this study,three released fish species(Hemibarbus labeo,Leuciscus waleckii and Phoxinus lagowskii)were captured in the lower Yalu River from November 2020 to October 2021.Their biological parameters and growth characteristics were analyzed,and mortality coefficients,exploitation rates were estimated by FiSAT II software.The results showed that the dominant age compositions of Hemibarbus labeo,Leuciscus waleckii and Phoxinus lagowskii were 1 a,1 a-2 a,1 a,respectively.The b were all similar to 3(P>0.05),which is a uniform growth type;the growth coefficient K was greater than 0.2,which is a fast-growing type.The growth performance indexφ′was between 4.46-5.00,the inflection point ages of Hemibarbus labeo,Leuciscus waleckii and Phoxinus lagowskii were 2.33 a,1.95 a and 1.05 a,respectively,and the corresponding body lengths at inflection point were 318.52 mm,255.67 mm and 115.52 mm,respectively.The exploitation rate E was greater than E_(max),indicating that they were overexploited,so their fishing should be restricted.The optimal body lengths for the fishing of Hemibarbus labeo,Leuciscus waleckii and Phoxinus lagowskii should be 319 mm,256 mm and 116 mm.The investigated waters should maintain the resources with measures of increasing and releasing fish,adjusting the number of fish that have been increased and released,and appropriately increasing the resources of Hemibarbus labeo,Leuciscus waleckii and Phoxinus lagowskii so as to promote resource utilization and sustainable development.

关 键 词：鸭绿江下游 年龄 生长参数 种群参数 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]