轧制温度对GCr15钢直线滚动导轨残余应力和直线度的影响研究  

Research on the influence of rolling temperature on residual stress and straightness of GCr15 steel linear rolling guide rail

作　　者：周俞廷 宋俊辉 ZHOU Yuting;SONG Junhui(Ningbo Intelligent Machine Tool Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,of China National Machinery Institute Group,Ningbo 315700,Zhejiang,China;China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group,Beijing 100044,China;Faculty of Mechanical Engineering&Mechanics,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团宁波智能机床研究院有限公司,浙江宁波315700 [2]中国机械科学研究总院集团,北京100044 [3]宁波大学机械工程与力学学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《金属加工（热加工）》2024年第5期116-121,共6页MW Metal Forming

摘　　要：热轧成形是生产直线滚动导轨的关键工艺之一,轧制温度的控制对于保证导轨残余应力和直线度具有至关重要的作用。基于ABAQUS仿真软件开展了GCr15钢直线滚动导轨热轧过程的仿真模拟,研究了不同轧制温度对轧件残余应力和直线度的影响。结果表明:轧件横截面的轧制方向的残余应力从轧件中心到边缘呈现出典型的“M形残余应力分布”。随着轧制温度的升高,轧件沿轧制方向残余应力分布的均匀性得到提高;除了轧辊顶角对应轧件区域残余应力随着轧制温度上升而上升以外,轧件其余区域的残余应力均随着轧制温度的上升而下降,这表明轧制温度的升高有利于提高轧制过程中金属塑性变形能力,有利于轧件变形更加均匀;轧件直线度与轧制温度之间没有简单的线性关系,而是表现出波动的趋势,不同轧制温度下轧件的直线度变化明显,最大直线度与最小直线度之间相差0.121mm,800℃、900℃和1000℃下的直线度相对较好,表明可能存在一个或多个温度范围,在这些范围内材料的性能和轧制过程的条件能够达到最佳平衡,从而获得较好的直线度。Hot rolling forming is one of the key processes for producing linear rolling guide rails,and the control of rolling temperature plays a crucial role in ensuring residual stress and straightness of the guide rails.This article conducts simulation of the hot rolling process of GCr15 steel linear rolling guide rail based on ABAQUS simulation software,and studies the influence of different rolling temperatures on residual stress and straightness of the rolled piece.The results show that the residual stress in the rolling direction of the cross-section of the rolled piece exhibits a typical“M-shaped residual stress distribution”from the center to the edge of the rolled piece.With the increase of rolling temperature,the uniformity of residual stress distribution along the rolling direction of the rolled piece is improved;Except for the residual stress in the rolling area corresponding to the top angle of the rolling mill,which increases with the increase of rolling temperature,the residual stress in the other areas of the rolling mill decreases with the increase of rolling temperature.This indicates that the increase of rolling temperature is conducive to improving the plastic deformation ability of the metal during the rolling process,which is conducive to more uniform deformation of the rolling mill;There is no simple linear relationship between the straightness of the rolled piece and the rolling temperature,but it shows a fluctuating trend.The straightness of the rolled piece varies significantly at different rolling temperatures,with a difference of 0.121mm between the maximum and minimum straightness.The straightness at 800℃,900℃,and 1000℃is relatively good,indicating that there may be one or more temperature ranges within which the material properties and rolling process conditions can reach the best balance,thereby obtaining better straightness.

关 键 词：GCR15 热轧成形 残余应力 直线度 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG335.11[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]