植物种子衰老机制研究进展  

Advance in Research on Mechanism of Plant Seed Senescence

作　　者：魏永胜[1] 彭琪朗 黄滢奥 陈彦如 赵程亚菲 郗欣悦 WEI Yongsheng;PENG Qilang;HUANG Ying’ao;CHEN Yanru;ZHAO-CHENG Yafei;XI Xinyue(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Horticulture and Gardening,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715 [4]西北农林科技大学风景园林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2024年第5期775-786,共12页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：西北农林科技大学大学生创新创业项目(X202210712418,X202310712469)。

摘　　要：种子在贮藏过程中的衰老即可直接导致建苗迟缓,幼苗畸形,最终影响作物产量,也可以导致商业贮藏中粮食品质的下降,还会影响种质资源库的更新周期和自然环境野生植物的生存。因此,深入认识种子衰老的生物学过程,对于农业生产和种质资源安全保存具有重要意义。本文系统综述了植物种子衰老生物学特征,从基因到表型,分析造成种子衰老的内外因,包括种子衰老过程中解剖结构、亚细胞结构、生理生化和分子生物学原因,以及环境等外界诱导因素,构建出一个完整种子衰老网络图。以期为种子衰老机理、种子活力修复和种质资源保存等研究提供基础理论参考。Senescence of seed during storage can result in delayed seedling establishment,which may eventually lead to aberrant seedlings and compromising crop yield.Moreover,seed longevity significantly affects the germplasm renewal rate and the survival of wild plants in their natural hibitats.Therefore,understanding the principle of seed senescence holds profound theoretical and practical implications for secure preservation of germplasm resources and sustainable agricultural production.This review outlines the manifestations of seed senescence and investigates both the internal and external factors contributing to this process from genetic determinants to phenotypic outcoms,including anatomical,subcellular structural,physiological-biochemical,molecular biological aspects,and environmental factors.This review constructs a complete network diagram of seed senescence,the aim is to provide a fundamental theoretical framework for future research into seed senescence mechanism,seed vigor repair and germplasm resource conservation.

关 键 词：植物种子 衰老 分子机制 寿命 

分 类 号：S330.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种]