新型数据信托机制的创新价值与构建路径  

Innovative Value and Construction Pathways of the New Data Trust Mechanism

作　　者：周辉 张心宇 Zhou Hui;Zhang Xinyu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院文化法制研究中心,北京100720 [2]北京理工大学法学院,北京100024

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2024年第4期98-108,120,共12页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：数据作为新型生产要素,已快速融入生产、分配、流通、消费和社会服务管理等各环节。数据要素市场化进程对数据要素流通利用提出更高要求。但在当前数据流通实践中,依然存在“获取难、流通难、保护难”等问题。基于“数据二十条”健全个人数据确权授权机制,在“信息受托人”“中间件”与既往的数据信托理论上进行创新改造,吸取现有数据第三方中介机构的有益经验,提出新型数据信托机制。在新型数据信托机制下,受托者作为不直接处理数据的独立第三方,在个人数据主体的授权下与数据处理者的需求进行匹配,并站在个人数据主体立场监督数据处理活动,保护其合法权益。在明确定位的前提下,通过组织、法律、激励、技术等方面的架构设计,构筑切实可行的新型数据信托实现路径。Data,as a new type of production factor,has swiftly become integral to various domains of production,distribution,exchange,consumption,and the management of social services.The marketization of data elements demands enhanced efficiency in data circulation and utilization.Yet,challenges persist in current data circulation practices,including issues of accessibility,transferability,and governance.In response to the"Twenty Data Measures"and their call for a robust personal data rights authorization mechanism,this paper reimagines the roles of"information trustees","middleware",and refines traditional data trust theory.By incorporating the valuable insights from existing third-party data intermediaries,a novel data trust mechanism is proposed.Within this framework,the trustee,as an independent entity not directly engaged in data handling,aligns the requirements of data processors with the permissions granted by personal data subjects,all the while monitoring data processing activities to safeguard the subjects'legitimate rights and interests.This new data trust mechanism is meticulously crafted,taking into account clear strategic positioning and employing a comprehensive design that encompasses organizational structures,legal frameworks,incentive systems,and technological solutions,thereby ensuring its tangible applicability.

关 键 词：新型数据信托机制 个人数据 数据要素市场 “数据二十条” 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]