甘孜藏牛mtDNA 基因组遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity of mtDNA genome in Ganzi Tibetan cattle

作　　者：张佳琳 姚婷婷 马伟东[3] 李付强 雷初朝[2] ZHANG Jia-lin;YAO Ting-ting;MA Wei-dong;LI Fu-qiang;LEI Chu-zhao(Burea of Agriculture,Animal Husbandry,Rural Area and Science&Technology of Luhuo county in Sichuan Province,Luhuo,Sichuan 626500;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Shaanxi Provincial Livestoch Breeding Farm,Fufeng,Shaanxi 722203;Hunan Tianhua Industrial Corporation Ltd,Lianyuan,Hunan 417126)

机构地区：[1]四川省炉霍县农牧农村和科技局,四川炉霍626500 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省农牧良种场,陕西扶风722203 [4]湖南天华实业有限公司,湖南涟源417126

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2024年第1期5-8,共4页China Cattle Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究甘孜藏牛的mtDNA基因组遗传多样性与母系起源。[方法]采用mtDNA全基因组序列比对及生物信息学方法。[结果]结果显示:在28头甘孜藏牛mtDNA基因组中,共检测到1232个变异位点,确定了22种单倍型,其单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.98820±0.00010,核苷酸多样度(Pi)为0.02420±0.00003,表明甘孜藏牛具有丰富的母系遗传多样性。系统发育树和网络分布图表明,28头甘孜藏牛mtDNA基因组包括4种母系支系,分别为普通牛的T2、T3与T4支系,还有牦牛支系,其中T2支系占7.14%,T3支系占64.29%,T4支系占3.57%,牦牛支系占25%。[结论]甘孜藏牛具有较丰富的母系遗传多样性,为普通牛母系起源,但与牦牛有杂交。[Objective] This study aims to explore the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomic diversity and maternal origins of Ganzi Tibetan cattle. [Methods] We employed whole mtDNA genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques for analysis. [Results] In the mtDNA genomes of 28 Ganzi Tibetan cattle, 1232 variable sites were detected, identifying 22 haplotypes. The haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.98820±0.00010, and the nucleotide diversity (Pi) was 0.02420±0.00003, indicating a rich maternal genetic diversity among Ganzi Tibetan cattle. Phylogenetic trees and network diagrams show that the mtDNA genomes of the 28 Ganzi Tibetan cattle include four maternal lineages: T2, T3, and T4 lineages of domestic cattle and a yak lineage. The proportions of the T2, T3, T4, and yak lineages are 7.14%, 64.29%, 3.57%, and 25%, respectively. [Conclusion] Ganzi Tibetan cattle possess considerable maternal genetic diversity, originating from domestic cattle maternal lineages, but also show hybridization with yaks.

关 键 词：甘孜藏牛 mtDNA基因组 遗传多样性 母系起源 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]