用于温度传感器原位在线校准的水三相点自动复现控制系统  

Metal water-triple-point automatic reproduction control system for in-situ online calibration of temperature sensors

作　　者：乔志刚 高德辛 张牧子 赵姗姗[1] 巫佳利 苏娟 陈胜功 景超 刘海玲 杨博 吴锜 Qiao Zhigang;Gao Dexin;Zhang Muzi;Zhao Shanshan;Wu Jiali;Su Juan;Chen Shenggong;Jing Chao;Liu Hailing;Yang Bo;Wu Chi(Institute of Marine Science and Technology,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;Qingdao Institute of Marine Sensors,Qingdao 266237,China;Aixsensor Co.Ltd.,Dezhou 253084,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学海洋研究院,山东青岛266237 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458 [3]青岛海洋传感器产业技术研究院,山东青岛266237 [4]德州尧鼎光电科技有限公司,山东德州253084

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第4期281-284,共4页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)基金项目(GML2021GD0808)。

摘　　要：温度传感器在长时间温度测量中会出现性能漂移导致测量误差,为现场实时校准温度传感器实现长期稳定的高精度测量,需要基于国际温标ITS-90规定的温度固定点,对传感器进行无人自主原位校准。水三相点是水、冰、气三相平衡共存的温度点,其温度为国际温标中的0.01℃固定点,是对传感器进行校准的最常用的固定温度点。水三相点瓶是再现水三相点的关键装置。相较于传统的玻璃外壳水三相点瓶,金属外壳的水三相点瓶更为耐用,更适用于自动原位校准。为了实现水三相点的自动浮现,根据高纯水自发相变原理,设计了一种基于半导体帕尔贴效应快速稳定复现水三相点的自动控制系统及其控制方法。利用热电制冷器(TEC)和温度控制器为金属水三相点瓶提供过冷环境,在基于模型的制冷调度算法控制下,实现了较长时间保持稳定的水三相点状态。实验室测试表明,该控制系统可以在150 min内达到0.01℃的温坪,并保持稳定的三相点温度20 min及温度波动度±1 mK。温度原位在线自动校准系统可以为深海、深空及偏远地区的高精度温度测量提供校准服务。Objective The triple point of water refers to the state where water,ice,and vapor coexist simultaneously,with an equilibrium temperature of 273.16 K(0.01℃).In the International Temperature Scale,the triple point of water serves as the sole reference point for defining the thermodynamic temperature unit Kelvin,and it is one of the most important fixed points in ITS-90[1-2].The thermodynamic temperature reproduction of water's triple point is crucial for practical temperature measurements[3].The reproduction of water's triple point is achieved by freezing an ice mantle inside a triple point of water cell.Widely used in the ITS-90 guidelines are triple point of water cells with borosilicate glass or fused silica shells.Traditional reproduction methods include the ice-salt mixture cooling method,dry ice cooling method,and liquid nitrogen cooling method.These methods all require the cooling of the triple point of water cell using dry ice,liquid nitrogen,or other cryogenic media,followed by freezing the highpurity water inside the cell and then storing it in an ice bath.While these traditional methods offer high reproduction accuracy and good results,they are complex,operationally difficult,and demand high standards for operators and the environment,making them inconvenient for on-site calibration and integrated applications[2-3].Addressing the limitations of traditional triple point of water cells and reproduction methods for in-situ applications,such as the on-site calibration of temperature sensors in the deep sea,this paper investigates a miniaturized triple point reproduction control system suitable for the automatic calibration of temperature sensors,based on a self-developed miniature metal water triple point cell.Methods This control system utilizes the principle of spontaneous phase transition of high-purity water in a metal water triple point container,combined with a thermoelectric cooler(TEC)based on the semiconductor Peltier effect and a temperature control circuit,to achieve the automatic reproduction a

关 键 词：金属水三相点瓶 温度原位自动校准装置 温坪自动复现方法 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]