透明硫化镍/石墨烯复合对电极用于高效染料敏化太阳能电池  

Transparent nickel sulfide/graphene composite counter electrode for highly-efficient dye-sensitized solar cell

作　　者：曹大鹏 钟旭阳 张杰 于晓慧 密保秀 Dapeng Cao;Xuyang Zhong;Jie Zhang;Xiaohui Yu;Baoxiu Mi(State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM),Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学材料科学与工程学院,有机电子与信息显示国家重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第12期1641-1651,共11页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏高校自然科学基金(22KJB430035);南京邮电大学国自基金孵化项目(NY220196)资助。

摘　　要：对电极(counter electrode,CE)作为染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cell,DSSC)的重要组成部分之一,其作用是收集外电路电子和催化还原电解质.硫化镍具有低成本和优异的电催化活性等优点,是Pt的理想替代材料.本文制备的NiS电极的透光率可以达到80%以上(600 nm处),从正面(光阳极)照射时,制备的DSSC器件光电转化效率达到7.54%,与Pt对电极的(7.48%)相当.从反面(对电极)照射时,光电转化效率达到3.96%,远高于Pt对电极(0.58%).在硫化镍电极中掺入石墨烯,可以进一步提升DSSC器件的光电转化效率,正面照射达到7.84%,反面照射达到4.59%,是正面照射效率的58.5%.电化学阻抗、循环伏安测试表明NiS对电极具有很小的串联电阻和高的电催化活性,这是其性能优于Pt的主要原因;而高的反面照射光电转化效率主要得益于NiS电极的高透光率.本文提供了一种简单、快捷、低成本的方法来制备透明、高效硫化镍对电极.The efficient harnessing of solar energy on a large scale is imperative for addressing the challenges posed by the energy crisis and global warming.Dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)represent a promising technology for converting solar energy into electricity.Within DSSC devices,the counter electrodes(CEs)play a pivotal role by facilitating the collection of electrons from external circuits and catalyzing the reduction of iodine in the electrolyte.Presently,platinum(Pt)stands out as the optimal electrode material,attributed to its superior conductivity,electrocatalytic activity,and stability.However,the prohibitive cost of Pt constitutes a significant impediment to the widespread commercialization of dye-sensitized solar cells.Consequently,the imperative lies in the development of cost-effective electrode materials.Furthermore,conventional DSSC devices have utilized opaque CE materials,resulting in a lack of transparency in the devices.This lack of transparency poses challenges for their application in tandem cells or as architectural decorative glass.The incorporation of highly transparent CEs is essential for enhancing the versatility of DSSC devices,enabling their application in tandem cells or as architectural decorative glass.Notably,the efficiency of DSSCs with transparent CEs can be further optimized through dual-sided illumination.Among various Pt-free CE materials,nickel sulfide has demonstrated remarkable electrocatalytic activity and stability,rendering it a widely utilized CE in DSSCs.However,there is a scarcity of reports on transparent nickel sulfide CEs and their application in double-sided DSSCs.Common methods for preparing transparent electrodes include solvothermal,electrochemical deposition,atomic layer deposition,and spin-coating.The spin-coating method,distinguished by its costeffectiveness and simplicity,is particularly advantageous.In our research,a straightforward drip-coating technique was employed to fabricate a nickel sulfide electrode,resulting in a commendable DSSC efficiency of 8.94%.

关 键 词：染料敏化太阳能电池 对电极 硫化镍 透明 石墨烯 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]