囊型包虫病流行现状及犬抗成虫疫苗候选抗原研究进展  

Epidemiological status of cystic echinococcosis and research progress of Echinococcus granulosus vaccine candidate antigens in dog

作　　者：吴小霞 鄂玉婷 丁静 刘晓雷 Mehdi Borhani 王学林 刘明远 WU Xiaoxia;E Yuting;DING Jing;LIU Xiaolei;MEHDI Borhani;WANG Xuelin;LIU Mingyuan(Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research of Ministry of Education,Institute of Zoonosis,College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学动物医学学院人兽共患病研究所人兽共患病研究教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2024年第2期403-412,共10页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFE0114600)。

摘　　要：棘球蚴病/包虫病(cystic echinococcosis,CE)是一种全球性的人畜共患动物源性疾病,严重威胁人类和家畜的生命。由细粒棘球蚴引起的CE在我国高发流行,免疫接种是预防该病流行的最理想途径,在过去的几十年中,许多研究已经描述了该病的保护性候选抗原及其在终末宿主和中间宿主免疫中的作用。目前EG95重组蛋白疫苗效果最好,对中间宿主羊的保护力可达到96%~100%。但终末宿主犬作为传播的核心传染源,对其仍缺乏有效的防控手段,尤其是缺乏有效的接种疫苗,因此疫苗在犬身上的潜在应用是未来研究的重点。能抑制犬体内虫体发育并减少虫体在犬肠道内产卵量的疫苗研发将有望控制包虫病在流行地区的传播,大大加快该病的控制和消除。本研究从细粒棘球绦虫的生命周期、分子流行病学、地理分布以及终末宿主犬疫苗候选抗原等方面进行系统综述,旨在对CE的传播、未来发展方向和防治提供理论参考,为加速我国在CE终末宿主疫苗的研发进程和尽早应用于防控实践奠定基础。Echinococcosis/hydatidosis is considered a cosmopolitan zoonosis and seriously threatens the lives of humans and animals.Cystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is highly endemic in China and immunization is the most ideal way to prevent epidemics.In the last few decades,many studies have been conducted on the protective candidate antigens of this disease and its role in the final and intermediate host.Currently,the Eg95 recombinant protein vaccine showed a high degree of protection in sheep and as an intermediate host(96%to 100%efficacy).There are still no effective prevention and control measures for echinococcosis in dog which is the definitive host and main source of infection.Therefore,the potential use of vaccines in dogs is the focus of future research,where the development of vaccines involving in the prevention of parasite development in dogs and reducing egg-laying rates will ultimately lead to control of echinococcosis in endemic areas.This systematic review aims to address the life cycle,molecular epidemiology,geographic distribution of echinococcosis as well as vaccine candidate antigens in the final host for establishing prevention and control programs of echinococcosis/hydatidosis.

关 键 词：棘球蚴病/包虫病 细粒棘球绦虫 流行病学 候选抗原 疫苗 犬 

分 类 号：S852.7[农业科学—基础兽医学] R535[农业科学—兽医学]