鳜味觉受体Ⅰ型(T1R)家族基因基因组鉴定与表达分析  

Genomic identification and expression analysis of mandarin fish(Siniperca chuatsi)taste receptor type I(T1R)family genes

作　　者：薛文博 姚晓丽 谢金洋 高锦华 赵金良[1,2,3] XUE Wenbo;YAO Xiaoli;XIE Jinyang;GAO Jinhua;ZHAO Jinliang(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学中心,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第2期155-164,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：味觉受体Ⅰ型(taste receptor type I, T1R)家族在对环境营养物质的识别中发挥关键作用。为理解鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)味觉受体I型家族成员数目、表达特征与其肉食性之间的关联,利用基因家族分析从鳜基因组数据中鉴定了T1R家族成员基因,荧光定量PCR测定了孵化后0~30 d (0~30 dph, days post hatching)、驯食饲料后T1R家族成员基因表达水平变化。结果显示,鳜T1R家族包括4个基因:t1r1、t1r2a1、t1r2a2、t1r3, 4个基因序列、结构域完整;t1r2基因出现了复制(t1r2a1、t1r2a2), t1r2a1、t1r2a2外显子结构一致,结构域相同,仅第3、4、5内含子和5'端UTR长度不同。选择压力(dN/dS)分析表明,鳜t1r1正向选择,t1r2s和t1r3负选择,鲜味受体基因t1r1进化压力可能与其独特食性(终生以活饵为食)有关。4个味觉受体I型基因t1r1、t1r2a1、t1r2a2、t1r3自开口前开始表达,20 d后表达增加,其中鲜味受体基因t1r1表达水平显著高于甜味受体基因t1r2s;饲料驯食养殖后, 4个t1r基因表达量下调,其中鲜味受体基因t1r1表达下调最为显著。研究结果为鳜味觉受体基因对其肉食性形成与适应研究提供了基础资料。Taste serves as the foundation for choosing food and is one of the most vital senses of animals.Numerous taste cells,specialized structures that can sense taste,form taste buds.Taste receptors are present in the membranes of these cells.Taste receptors include type I and type II receptors,which are responsible for identifying distinct flavors in food.The taste receptor type I(T1R)family plays a crucial role in the identification of nutrients in the environment.TIR family genes rely on different heterodimers for flavor recognition and can recognize fresh(T1R1+T1R3)and sweet(T1R2+T1R3)flavors.Animal feeding habits are frequently associated with the number and replication of T1R family genes.Mandarin fish(Siniperca chuatsi)have a unique carnivorous lifestyle and eat live bait throughout their lifetimes.To understand the correlation between the quantity and expression patterns of T1R family members in mandarin fish and their carnivorous nature,gene family analysis was conducted to identify T1R family member genes in mandarin fish genomic data.Changes in the T1R family member gene expression levels were then determined using Quantitative Real-time PCR(qPCR)from to 0–30 days post hatching(0–30 dph)and after the domestication of their diet.This study found that the T1R family in mandarin fish comprises four genes,t1r1,t1r2a1,t1r2a2,and t1r3,each of which possesses complete sequences and structural domains.The t1r2 gene was duplicated as t1r2a1 and t1r2a2,and the exons of both displayed identical structural domains.However,the length of the 3rd,4th,and 5th introns and 5'UTR varied among them.Selection pressure(dN/dS)analysis indicated positive selection for t1r1 in mandarin fish,whereas t1r2s and t1r3 showed negative selection.The possible cause of evolutionary pressure on the umami receptor gene t1r1 might be related to the uncommon diet of this fish species.The expression of four taste receptor type I genes,t1r1,t1r2a1,t1r2a2,and t1r3,began before the oropharyngeal cavity of mandarin fish was completely formed,and

关 键 词：鳜 味觉受体Ⅰ型(T1R)家族 基因组鉴定 发育表达 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]