塔里木克拉通埃迪卡拉纪地层层序与沉积演化  

EDIACARAN STRATIGRAPHIC SUCCESSION AND SEDIMENTARY EVOLUTION OF THE TARIM CRATON

作　　者：陈永权 杨果[1] 田浩男 陈波 易艳[1] 李保华 CHEN Yong Quan;YANG Guo;TIAN Hao Nan;CHEN Bo;YI Yan;LI Bao Hua(R&D Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development,CNPC,Korla 841000;Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla 841000;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-deep Oil and Gas,Korla 841000;State Energy Key Laboratory of Carbonate Oil and Gas,Beijing 100000;Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir,CNPC,Hangzhou 310000)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团有限公司超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研发中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,江苏南京2100083 [3]中国石油塔里木油田公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]新疆超深油气重点实验室,新疆库尔勒841000 [5]国家能源碳酸盐岩油气重点实验室,北京100000 [6]中国石油天然气集团有限公司碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《地层学杂志》2024年第1期17-41,共25页Journal of Stratigraphy

基　　金：塔里木油田公司项目(T202201)资助。

摘　　要：塔里木克拉通内埃迪卡拉系分布广泛,对埃迪卡拉系开展地层、层序与沉积演化研究对于探讨前寒武纪古克拉通演化意义重大。本文通过克拉通盆地周缘露头与内部的钻孔样品分析及地震资料解释开展了埃迪卡拉纪同位素地层研究、地层空间分布地震追踪、沉积层序、层序构型研究与沉积演化研究,取得3点认识:(1)建立了埃迪卡拉系3个露头区各岩石地层单元的年代框架方案,阐明了埃迪卡拉系在塔里木克拉通的分布。奇格布拉克组仅相当于水泉组顶部碳酸盐岩,年龄下限为551 Ma;汉格尔乔克组晚于奇格布拉克组,是埃迪卡拉纪最晚期沉积层序。塔里木克拉通内塔北隆起、北部坳陷普遍发育埃迪卡拉系,东南隆起、塔中隆起及巴楚隆起东部埃迪卡拉系被削蚀尖灭,巴楚西部—柯坪地区残留埃迪卡拉系中上部沉积序列。(2)建立埃迪卡拉系三分层序方案,应用地震资料阐明下统为填平补齐的超覆沉积、上统为海退进积层序结构。(3)塔里木克拉通埃迪卡拉系下统发育从陆相到海相碎屑岩沉积体系,上统发育由混积体系演化到缓坡碳酸盐岩台地的沉积体系,并于最上部发育汉格尔桥组冰水沉积体系,在满加尔地区形成大规模的含冰碛砾泥岩。The Ediacaran System is widely distributed across the Tarim Craton in NW China,it is of great significance to study the Ediacaran stratigraphy,sequence,and sedimentary records for understanding the evolution of this craton.In this paper,through analyses of new drill core and seismic data,the carbon isotope stratigraphy,spatial distribution of seismic tracking,sedimentary sequence,and configuration,as well as the sedimentary evolution of the Ediacaran in the Tarim Craton are systematically reviewed with three main conclusions or achievements:(1)the Ediacaran strata distribution across the Tarim Craton were well demonstrated,and the Ediacaran stratigraphic framework in three main outcrop areas was established.The Qigebrak Formation is equivalent to the top carbonate rock of the Shuiquan Formation,with an older age constraint of 551 Ma;and the Hankalchough Formation represents the youngest sedimentary record of the Ediacaran Period in Tarim Craton.The Ediacaran strata are well exposed in the north uplift and the north depression of the Tarim Craton,but are missed in the southeast uplift,Tazhong uplift,and the east of Bachu uplift,the middle and upper Ediacaran strata are preserved in the west-Keping area of Bachu uplift.(2)Three-fold subdivision of the Ediacaran system was established in the Tarim Craton.Seismic data suggest that the lower Ediacaran represents the overlapping and infilling sedimentary sequence,and the upper Ediacaran represents the regressive and aggradational sedimentary sequence.(3)The lower Ediacaran is dominated by terrestrial to marine siliciclastic sedimentary sequences,which is evolved from a mixed sedimentary system to a carbonate platform ramp sedimentary system in the upper Ediacaran;the Hankalchough Formation represents glaciogenic depositing system,and large scale tillitedeveloped in Mangararea.

关 键 词：塔里木克拉通 埃迪卡拉系 地层框架 层序结构 沉积演化 沉积相 

分 类 号：P534.3[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]