卵巢组织冻存与移植生育力保存的应用现状与研究进展  

Status of Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation and Transplantation

作　　者：赵飞燕 蒋春艳[1,2] 马翔[1,2] ZHAO Feiyan;JIANG Chunyan;MA Xiang(State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China;Center for Clinical Reproductive Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学生殖医学与子代健康全国重点实验室,南京211166 [2]南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖医学中心,南京210029

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2024年第4期705-710,共6页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：江苏省科技厅项目(批准号:BE2021743);国家重点研发子课题(批准号:2021YFC2700402)资助的课题。

摘　　要：年龄增长、疾病以及抗肿瘤治疗等均可能会造成女性生育力的下降甚至丧失。随着诊疗技术的发展,癌症死亡率逐渐下降,因此患者的生育力保存需求较前增加。胚胎冻存、卵母细胞冻存和卵巢组织冻存是目前常用的女性生育力保存方式。卵巢组织冻存与移植至今仅有20余年历史,现已成为临床上具备医学指征的生育力保存方式,有助于重建患者的内分泌和生育功能,已有超200多例患者通过此技术成功完成生育。为提高冻存卵巢组织再移植的安全性,现有研究将卵母细胞体外成熟技术、人工卵巢技术与之相结合,避免携癌风险高的冻存卵巢组织移植后的癌症复发风险。较多的研究均已证实了卵巢组织冻存与移植技术的有效性和安全性。尽管卵巢组织冻存与移植技术得到了快速发展,但是该技术仍面临如何通过减少卵泡储备损失进而延长卵巢组织移植后有效性等挑战,尚需要更多的基础和临床研究促进卵巢组织冻存和移植技术的进步与发展。Advanced age,disease and anti-cancer treatment may lead to the decline or even loss of female fertility.With the decline of cancer mortality rate,patients’fertility preservation needs are higher.At present,the commonly used fertility preservation methods include embryo,oocyte,ovarian tissue cryopreservation and so on.Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation,which has a short history of 20 years,is a fertility preservation method for patients with medical indications clinically.Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation can rebuild the endocrine function and fertility of patients to a certain extent.More than 200 infants have been born through this technology.To enhance the safety of this technology,current research combines oocyte in vitro maturation and artificial ovaries transplantation to avoid the risk of cancer recurrence after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue with a high risk of carrying cancer.Now,many studies have confirmed the effectiveness and security of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation.Despite the rapid development of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation technology,it still faces challenges,such as how to prolong the function of the ovarian tissue after transplantation,etc.More basic and clinical researches are needed to promote the development of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and ovarian tissue transplantation technology.

关 键 词：卵巢组织冻存 卵巢组织移植 卵母细胞体外成熟 卵泡储备损失 

分 类 号：R714.8[医药卫生—妇产科学]