建筑蓄热原理及其设计参数  

Principle of building heat storage and its design parameters

作　　者：刘衍 毕冰藤 乔宇豪 杨柳 刘加平[1,2] Yan Liu;Bingteng Bi;Yuhao Qiao;Liu Yang;Jiaping Liu(State Key Laboratory of Green Building,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Institute for Interdisciplinary and Innovate Research,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]绿色建筑全国重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [3]西安建筑科技大学交叉创新研究院,西安710055

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第11期1475-1490,共16页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51838011,52078407);国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3801401)资助。

摘　　要：建筑蓄热是解决建筑热流作用不稳定的核心,通过建筑设计的方式,将建筑部件的“削峰填谷”效应与其他因素耦合,使建筑对热流的调控作用最大化,实现对室内热环境的优化.本文对建筑蓄热相关概念做了辨析,将“建筑蓄热”与“围护结构蓄热”,“保温”与“隔热”,“热惰性”、“热质量”以及“热惰性指标”等相似概念进行区分,总结了建筑蓄热的作用原理和基础模型,揭示了各向异性太阳辐射多过程传输与转化形成的“双高波谷温度波”效应,和部件蓄热、自然通风与长波辐射降温多种热作用形成的“双低波峰温度波”效应,提出了能够表征建筑系统蓄热能力的指标参数.通过对蓄热问题历史发展背景的挖掘和对相关研究现状的梳理,总结了我国在建筑蓄热研究中存在的问题.建筑蓄热在不同气候条件下的应用潜力差异显著,将相关气候指标应用到建筑热工设计分区之中是当务之急;建筑热工设计过度追求构件高指标,实际则是建筑整体低性能,亟需构建以建筑蓄热为代表的热工设计综合指标体系;亟需加强建筑蓄热基础理论研究,强化建筑蓄热与建筑设计之间的联系.Building energy saving is an important aspect of reducing the total energy consumption of society.Excessive reliance on heating and air conditioning equipment will not only produce a lot of energy consumption,but also be not conducive to human health.It is an important responsibility of architects to make the indoor environment meet the thermal comfort requirements of the human body under natural conditions as much as possible through architectural design.In this process,it is the key to improve the thermal performance of buildings and make full use of natural resources.The heat storage process is a natural phenomenon accompanied by the heat transfer process.Building heat storage is the key to the independent control on the indoor thermal environment.The thermal characteristics of building materials and structures and the periodic changes of external environments are the fundamental reasons for building heat storage.The building heat storage process,including the absorption,storage and release of the heat,is the core of coping with the periodic unstable heat action,and can solve the problem of the mismatch of the spatial and temporal distribution of the heat in the building,which is of great significance for the building thermal engineering design and energy saving design.Building thermal storage is mainly through the way of architectural design and planning,the“peak cutting and valley filling”effect of building components is coupled with other factors,so as to maximize the regulation effect of building on heat flow and realize the optimization of indoor thermal environments.In this review,the related concepts of building heat storage are analyzed,and similar concepts,such as“building heat storage”and“envelope heat storage”,“thermal preservation”and“thermal insulation”,“thermal inertia”,“thermal mass”and“thermal inertia index”,are distinguished.The function principle and basic model of building heat storage are summarized.The“double high trough temperature wave”effect formed by

关 键 词：建筑节能 建筑蓄热 建筑热工 建筑热流 围护结构 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]