基于无人机影像的井冈蜜柚果树树形信息提取及产量估测  

Extracting Jinggang pomelo tree information and estimating yield based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)imageries

作　　者：罗翔 曹晓林[1] 药林桃[1] 吴罗发[1] 曹中盛 舒时富[1] Luo Xiang;Cao Xiaolin;Yao Lintao;Wu Luofa;Cao Zhongsheng;Shu Shifu(Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所,南昌市330200

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第5期161-167,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江西省农机装备应用产业技术体系(JXARS-21);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXQN202214);国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心开放基金资助项目(2020NETRCRSI-16)。

摘　　要：为实现基于无人机影像的井冈蜜柚果树树形信息(冠幅、树高)快速、准确提取及产量预测,通过基于无人机影像生成数字正射影像(DOM),计算4个植被指数,分析4个植被指数阈值分割提取冠幅的精度,确定敏感植被指数及其最佳分类阈值完成植被区域的提取,实现冠幅提取;再基于无人机影像生成的数字高程模型(DEM),提取果树树高;运用“冠幅、树高及冠幅+树高”三种模式对产量进行预测。结果表明,利用归一化差值指数(Normalized Difference Index, NDI)提取冠幅时精度最高,提取的东西冠幅与实测值之间决定系数R^(2)达0.917 2,南北冠幅与实测值之间的R^(2)达0.823 6,冠幅均值与实测值均值之间的R^(2)达0.892 8;基于DEM提取树高时,也具有较好的效果,提取的树高与实测值之间的R^(2)达0.863 3,均方根误差RMSE为0.148 m。进一步运用“冠幅、树高及冠幅+树高”三种模式对挂果数进行预测,运用“冠幅+树高”预测挂果数的R^(2)为0.676,调整R^(2)为0.638,预测效果最好。In order to realize the rapid and accurate extraction of tree shape information(crown width and tree height)and yield prediction of Jinggang pomelo fruit tree based on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)imageries.By generating Digital Orthophoto map(DOM)based on the UAV imageries,four vegetation indexes were calculated and the accuracy of crown width extraction by threshold segmentation of four vegetation index was analyzed.The sensitive vegetation index and its best classification threshold was determined to complete the extraction of vegetation area and realize the crown width extraction.Then,based on the digital elevation model(DEM)generated by UAV imageries,the tree height of fruit trees was extracted.Finally,three models of crown width,tree height and crown width+tree height were used to predict yield.The results showed that the normalized difference index(NDI)had the highest accuracy in extracting crown width.The coefficients of determination R 2 between the extracted East-West crown width and the measured value was 0.9172,the R 2 between the North-South crown width and the measured value was 0.8236,and the R 2 between the mean of crown width and the measured value was 0.8928.When extracting tree height based on DEM,it also had a good effect.The R 2 between the extracted tree height and the measured value is 0.8633,and the root mean square error(RMSE)is 0.148 m.The yield prediction results showed that the R 2 of using crown width+tree height to predict the number of fruits was 0.676,and the adjusted R 2 was 0.638,which had the best prediction effect.

关 键 词：井冈蜜柚 果树识别 无人机遥感 植被指数 估产模型 

分 类 号：S252.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]