结构设计类课程教学中整体式工程情境的创设  

Creation of Integral Engineering Situation in the Teaching of Structural Design Courses

作　　者：张学元 张道明 吕春 刘洋 张宇 屈恩相 ZHANG Xueyuan;ZHANG Daoming;LÜChun;LIU Yang;ZHANG Yu;QU Enxiang(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学建筑与土木工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《西昌学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期114-121,共8页Journal of Xichang University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：黑龙江省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度重点课题(GJB1421362)。

摘　　要：[目的]工程情境创设作为工学类专业课程教学设计的重点,关系到学生工程意识的建立及工程应用能力的培养。[方法]针对土木工程专业结构设计类课程教学中存在工程情境创设不形象、不全面、不系统等问题,以结构布置、计算单元选取、荷载计算、内力计算、内力组合等内容为例,介绍了整体式工程情境的创设。[结果]实践结果表明:整体式工程情境具有形象性、直观性、系统性的优点,有助于学生对相关概念、基本原理、计算方法的理解与掌握,能够增强其对结构总体系与分体系间构成关系、传力关系的理解。[结论]整体式工程情境的创设,是对现阶段结构设计类课程教学中工程情境创设的积极探索,有助于学生结构设计能力的培养及整体结构观的建立。As a focus in teaching design for engineering courses,creation of engineering situation is critical for develop⁃ing students'engineering awareness and for cultivation of their abilities in engineering application.To solve the problems of non-vivid,incomplete and nonsystematic engineering situation creation in teaching structural design courses to civil engineering majors,creation of integral engineering situation was introduced by using structural arrangement,selection of calculation unit,load calculation,internal force calculation,and internal force combination as examples.The practi⁃cal results show that the integral engineering situation has advantages of vivid,visual and systematic representations,which are helpful for students to have a better mastery of relevant concepts,basic principles and calculation methods,contributing to their understanding of the composition and transmission relationships between the whole structural system and the individual structural system.The creation of integral engineering situation is a positive exploration in the current teaching of structural design courses,which is helpful to development of students'skills in structural design and of their holistic views on structures.

关 键 词：土木工程 结构设计 工程情境 结构设计流程 整体结构观 

分 类 号：TU318-4[建筑科学—结构工程] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]