基于动态阈值分割法的接触轨图像关键特征点提取方法研究  

Research on key feature point extraction method for contact rail images based on dynamic threshold segmentation method

作　　者：陈潇[1] CHEN Xiao(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《现代城市轨道交通》2024年第5期53-58,共6页Modern Urban Transit

基　　金：江苏省重大科技示范项目(BE2021621)——城市轨道设施的监控、巡检和应灾综合系统科技示范。

摘　　要：在地铁系统中,接触轨的状态对于牵引供电系统的安全性至关重要,一旦接触轨几何参数超出正常范围,不仅会导致集电靴无法正常取流,进而影响运营车辆的顺畅运行,而且在极端情况下,还可能引发严重的安全事故。传统的接触轨几何参数测量方法在采集图像时通常面临背景复杂、干扰图像多等问题,以致检测数据量少、检测密度低,从而难以精确提取接触轨的关键特征信息。针对这一问题,文章提出一种新的方法,即结合动态阈值分割法、直线拟合以及投影计算的方式,有效解决接触轨特征点提取的难点,实现几何参数的精确测量。该方法不仅能够准确捕捉到接触轨的细微变化,还能够确保测量结果的可靠性和准确性。为进一步提高测量的便捷性和实用性,研究过程中同步研制出一套接触轨几何参数的便携式测量装置,并在地铁线路上进行现场应用示范,为实际运营中的接触轨状态监测提供有力的技术支持。The good condition of the contact rail in the urban rail transit system is crucial for the safety of the traction power supply system.Once the geometric parameters of the contact rail exceed the normal scope,it not only affects the normal current collection of the collector shoes,it negatively affects the running of operating vehicles,even leading to major safety accidents in severe cases.The traditional method of measuring geometric parameters of contact rail usually faces the issues of a complex background and many interference images during image acquisition,which results in a small amount of detection data and low detection density,thus making it difficult to accurately extract the key feature information of the contact rail.Focusing on this issue,this article proposes a new method that combines the dynamic threshold segmentation method,straight line fitting and projection calculation to effectively solve the challenges in extracting the feature points of the contact rail and realize the accurate measurement of geometric parameters.This method can not only accurately capture the subtle changes of the contact rail,but also ensure the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results.To further improve the convenience and practicability of the measurements,a set of portable measurement devices of geometric parameters of the contact rail is developed as well and demonstrated in field applications on urban rail transit lines,providing powerful technical support for the monitoring of contact rail conditions in actual operations.

关 键 词：地铁 接触轨几何参数 视觉传感技术 动态阈值分割法 便携式测量装置 集电靴 供电系统 

分 类 号：G312[文化科学]